Paper 1 Case Studies Flashcards
What is the importance of sand in Mangawhai New Zealand
Used for construction,concrete,glass and rainbowing
What is New Zealand’s GDP
248.1bn (2022) and 18.53bn (1978)
What percentage of the population in New Zealand live in Auckland
1/3 of total population
What percentage of New Zealand’s GDP does Auckland produce
35% of its GDP
What has been the growth in tourism in New Zealand
364,716 (Dec 2022) to 418,869 (Dec 2023)
What has been the extraction rate of sediment at Mangawhai
1994-2004: 165,000m3/yr
2005-current: 75,000m3/yr
Why is Mangawhai beach a closed system
It’s non renewable because it lacks rivers and wave action the extraction rates are 5x the inputs
What happened in 1978 in Mangawhai
A 28m spit breach during the 1978 storm altering tidal currents increasing the deposition of sediment in the harbour making it shallower
What is the New Zealand governments infrastructure plan
AD for sand is estimated to increase from 12.3 million to between 18.3 and 22.8 million annually in 30 years. The sand will be used in a 47bn dollar plan to improve infrastructure over 5 years in response to recent cyclones and floods
What are the characteristics of the Nile Delta
Drains into Mediterranean Sea
240km wide
It’s an arcuate delta
Outer edges being eroded
Why is the Nile Delta important
Rich agricultural region because the alluvial deposits are highly fertile
2/3 of population live in the Nile delta
What is the population size of Egypt
111million (2022)
What are some of the challenges of the Nile Delta
The Aswan high dam reduces the supply of nutrients in the river so the soil quality is poor this farmers use more fertiliser
What are some of the challenges to the Nile Delta Pt 2
Rising sea levels and the dam reducing deposits leads to increased erosion
Some places are loosing 100 yards/yr
And estimated 30cm increase in sea level by 2025 floods 200km2
What are some of the challenges of the Nile Delta Pt 3
Some farmers are importing sand to reduce erosion
Food shortages as it’s responsible for 60% of egypts food supply
Loss of history and culture e.g. Alexandria
What are the key landforms at the Nile Delta
Damietta onshore bar-> formed lake Manzala, largest lagoon in Egypt
Lake El bullurus- salt water only 175cm at deepest point
What are the key landforms at the Nile Delta Pt 2
Sabkhas- LSD forms bars across lagoon when water evaporates salt flats form
Gamsa sand dunes- developed between Manzala and Bullurus
What are the key landforms at the Nile Delta pt 3
Crescentic bars at Alexandria - formed by rip currents and onshore waves with little LSD
Where is the salt burn to flamborough head coastline located
North Yorkshire
How long is the salt burn to flamborough head coast line
60km
How high are the adjacent north York moors
400m above sea level
What is the composition of the moors
Sandstone,shale and limestone formed in Jurassic period
What is the geology of flamborough head
Chalk headland
Cliffs topped with glacial till
What is the wave direction at Saltburn
North and north east
