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Psychology > Paper 1 > Flashcards

Paper 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Real life evidence kids are easily lead in interviews

A

McMartin preschool

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2
Q

Who studied capacity/duration of sensory register

A

Sperling

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3
Q

Who studied coding of STM and LTM

A

Baddley

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4
Q

Who studied stm duration

A

Peterson

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5
Q

Who studied LTM duration

A

Bahrik

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6
Q

Who studied impact of leading questions on EWT

A

Loftus and palmer

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7
Q

Who studied anxiety on EWT, real life

A

Loftus, Yuill and Cutshall

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8
Q

What was KFs issue

A

Brain damage meant he had bad articulatory loop but good visiospatial sketch pad

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9
Q

What is the sound part of the working memory model

A

Phonological loop, phonological store is inner ear, articulate process is the inner voice

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10
Q

Who made working memory model

A

Baddley and hitch

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11
Q

Who made multi store memory model

A

Atkinson and shiffrin

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12
Q

Evaluate MSM 4 +, 3 -

A 
\+HM good STM but bad LTM after operation for epilepsy 
\+Korsakoff syndrome, good STM bad LTM
\+Primacy and decency effect 
\+Explain how things move between stored
-simplistic, different STM
- not all LTM rehearsed
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13
Q

Evaluate WMM 3+-

A 
\+KF, good recall from visiospatial sketch pad but bad from articulatory loop after brain damage
\+not as much emphasis on rehearsal 
\+can’t do 2 tasks within same system 
-lab experiment, low EV
- central executive vague
- unclear how info moves between systems
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14
Q

Who studied PORN

A

Underwood and postman

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15
Q

3 Causes of forgetting

A

Retrieval failure
Interference
Failure to find cue

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16
Q

How can list recall be improved, who discovered?

A

Tulving found cued recall better

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17
Q

Speed of contacted vs smashed

A

32mph vs 41mph

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18
Q

Factors that affect EWT (4)

A

Age
Misleading questions
List event discussion
Anxiety

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19
Q

Who came up with cognitive interview technique

A

Geiselman

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20
Q

Geisleman experiment

A

Blue back pack guy ribs classroom projector. 2 days later asked if green bag guy was nervous then asked what colour was the bag, CI were more likely to say blue compared to standard interview

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21
Q

Features of cognitive interviews

A

Reinstate context
Order change
Perspective change
Everything reported

Informal

22
Q

Explain deviation from ideal mental health

A 
Jahoda
Personal growth 
Reality perception 
Autonomy
Integration 
Self esteem 
Environmental mastery
23
Q

What did rosenhan and seligman do

A

Failure to function adequately DIMM

Distress, Irrational thoughts, maladaptive behaviour and moral standard deviation

24
Q

What did Billet find

A

MZ twins 68% OCD concordance, DZ 31%

25
Q

Neurological causes of OCD

A

Increased OCD after head injury, specifically damage to basal ganglia

26
Q

Evaluate use of SSRIs

A 
\+reduce symptoms by 60%
\+work well with CBT
\+cheap
- takes weeks to notice improvement
- side effects (weight, memory)
-addiction 
-blocking not treating
27
Q

4 types of OCD

A

Checking
Cleaning
Hoarding
Symmetry

28
Q

What is systematic desensitisation

A

Counter conditioning to associate fear with relaxation

Hierarchy of fear

29
Q

Evaluation for each behavioural technique for phobia

A

Flooding

  • remove fear and replace with another
  • treat symptoms not cause

Systematic desensitisation
+treat range of phobias
+people treated with SD lies likely to fear spiders compared to control who just had relaxation technique
- hard to break down some phobias, agoraphobia

30
Q

3 types of phobia

A

Social
Acrophobia
Specific

31
Q

DSM criteria for phobia

A

6 month +
Irrational
Disrupt

32
Q

Evaluate behavioural explanation for phobia

A

+Barlow found 50% people with fear of driving has been in car accident
+ little Albert
-evolution ignored
-7% of spider phobics had traumatic experience

33
Q

Evaluation for Cognitive interview

A

+great for elderly since memory enhanced
+ geiselman 2 studies, blue bag and hypnosis vs standard vs cognitive interview
-time consuming to do and train
-make up info
-some spectacular more valuable (reinstate context and everything reported)

34
Q

Bond vs attachment

A

Bond between 1

Attachment between 2

35
Q

Stages of attachment, who investigated

A

Asocial
Indiscriminate
Discriminate
Multiple attachment

Schaffer 60 Glasgow babies

36
Q

How many countries for van ijzendoorn

A

32

37
Q

Critical period for humans

Critical period for geese

A

0-2.5 years

13-16 h

38
Q

Who studied internalisation (informational social influence)

A

Sherif, auto kinetic effect

39
Q

Factors that affect conformity

A

Group size (3 optimum)
Presence of ally even if they have thick glasses
Task difficulty (more matching lines cause increase)
Confidence (engineer reduced conformity)

40
Q

Who did F scale, what did it measure

Who

A

Originally fascist attitudes but then used for authoritarian personality
Adorno

41
Q

Factors affect milgram results

A

Proximity of authority/learner
Presence of an ally
Locus of control (Holland)
Location, rundown office

42
Q

How many nurses obeyed in Hofling

A

21/22

43
Q

Milgram binding factors

A

Pay
Prestigious uni
Authority repeatedly saying continue

44
Q

Milgram results

A

65% 450V

100% 300V

45
Q

Who did puppy experiment

A

Sheridan

46
Q

Factors affecting minority influence, who are psychologists?

A

Consistency, flexibility and commitment

Moscovici, Nameth

47
Q

How does identification impact minority influence

A

People are more likely to be influenced by people similar to them, gay people have less influence over straight people when talking about gay rights in comparison to straight people talking to straight people about same thing

48
Q

Results of moscovici

A

Consistent: 32% conform at least once
Inconsistent: conform 1.25%
control: 0.25% green

49
Q

What did moscovici study

A

Impact of commitment and consistency

50
Q

What did Nameth experiments test

A

Flexibility

51
Q

Results of Nameth slide experiment

A

More people confirm if say blue for light and green for dull

52
Q

What happened on ski experiment

A

jury discuss fake ski accident. If confederate showed no flexibility (argued low compensation) little influence, if argued slightly higher they had bigger influence

Psychology (4 decks)

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