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HIS > Panic, Anxiety & Their Disorders > Flashcards

Panic, Anxiety & Their Disorders Flashcards

0
Q

Anxiety

A

Complex
Normal reaction to stress
Helps deal/prepare for tense situation
Excessive= disorder

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1
Q

Fear

A

Basic emotion enabling a quick response when faced with imminent threat

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2
Q

5 major types of anxiety disorders

A 
Generalised anxiety disorder
OCD
Panic disorder
PTSD
Social phobia
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3
Q

Treatment for anxiety disorders

A

Medication
Psychotherapy
One, other or both

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4
Q

Treatment of phobia

A

Just psychotherapy

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5
Q

Medications to treat anxiety

A

SSRIs
Tricyclics
MAOIs
Benzodiazepines

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6
Q

Types if psychotherapy

A

Change thinking patterns
Cognitive behavioural therapy (good for panic disorder/social phobia)
Teach how to reinterpret symptoms- as anxiety not heart attack

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7
Q

Describe the behavioural component of CBT

A

Change peoples reaction to anxiety provoking situations
Key = exposure
Confront things they fear

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8
Q

Describe Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

A

Chronic or excessive worry
Heritable
Runs in families

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9
Q

What NTs play a role in GAD?

A

GABA

…….

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10
Q

Causes of GAD:

A

Conflict between id & ego
Life experiences- a lot of stress/uncontrollable events/unpleasant events
Info processing: If anxious, tuned to monitoring danger/ frightening things

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11
Q

Phobia

A

Persistent & disproportionate fear of some specific object or situation that presents little or no actual danger

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12
Q

3 types if phobia

A

……

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13
Q

Acrophobia

A

Heights

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14
Q

Incidence of blood injection injury phobia

A

3-4%

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15
Q

Incidence of phobias in men & women

A

Women 16%

Men 7%

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16
Q

Causes of phobias

A

Traumatic conditioning of fear
Genetic & temperamental factors effect speed & strength of fear response
Evolutionary preparedness

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17
Q

Evolutionary preparedness

A

Easier to develop fears for some things than others (eg snakes easier than flowers- almost impossible)

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18
Q

Treating phobias

A

Exposure
Gradually
Establishes a response hierarchy
Systematic desensitisation

19
Q

Systemic desensitisation

A

Start with picture, move up hierarchy until they are no longer afraid. Exposure- never avoid. Go through steps, learn it’s not as bad as you think.

20
Q

Different phobia treatments:

A

Participant modelling

Virtual reality therapy

21
Q

Social phobia

A

Disabling fears of 1 or more discrete social situations in which he/she may be exposed to the scrutiny & potential negative evaluations of others

22
Q

Treatment for social phobias

A

Behavioural therapy (exposure)
Cognitive behavioural therapy
Medications

23
Q

Panic disorder

A 
Unexpected panic attacks
Out of the blue 
Unexpected & repeated episodes of intense fear 
Chest pain, palpitations, breath, dizzy 
(mimic symptoms if heart attack)
24
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Fear of going outside
Can happen in panic disorders
Fear if going somewhere whee they had a panic attack

25
Q

Causes if panic disorder

A

Hereditary

……..

26
Q

What % of adults have had PD in their life?

A

3.5%

27
Q

NTs involved in PD

A

NA

5HT

28
Q

Treatment of PD

A

Help them interpret symptoms as anxiety not heart problems.
CBT
Medication
Can reduce by 70%

29
Q

OCD

A

Occurrence of unwanted & intrusive obsessive thoughts or distressing images
Usually accompanied by compulsive behaviours to neutralise obsessive thoughts/images
Prevents dreaded event/situation

30
Q

OCD prevalence in men & women?

A

Equal

31
Q

Causes if OCD (psychosocial):

A

Obsessions with dirt have evolutionary roots
Take away fear= v rewarding (eg hand washing)
Attempting to suppress unwanted thoughts- increases those thoughts

32
Q

Biological causal factors for OCD:

A

Hereditary
NTs
…..

33
Q

OCD treatment

A

Behavioral treatment
Exposure
…..
Keep hands dirty- won’t die!

34
Q

Mood disorders

A

Disturbances of mood that are INTENSE and PERSISTENT

Maladaptive

35
Q

Unipolar disorders

A

Depressed

36
Q

Bipolar

A

Switch from manic to depressed

37
Q

Which is more common uni/bipolar?

A

Unipolar

38
Q

Symptoms if depressing

A 
Insomnia
Poor appetite
Inability to concentrate/enjoy 
Fatigue
Thoughts if death/suicide
39
Q

Symptoms of mania

A 
Abnormal/excessive elation
Unusual irritability 
⬇️ need for sleep
Racing thoughts
⬆️ sex drive
40
Q

2 common causes of depression

A

Loss/grieving process

Postnatal depression

41
Q

2 mild categories of depression:

A

Adjustment disorder with depressed mood (eg new job/country)

Dysthymia

42
Q

Biological causal factors of unipolar disorder

A

Genetic
NTs
Cortisol
Pleasure centre of brain

43
Q

Psychosocial causes if depression:

A

Life experiences

…..

44
Q

Hopelessness theory

A

Proposes pessimistic attributional style is a predisposition for depression

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