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FINALS CC 2 > PANCREATIC ENZYMES > Flashcards

PANCREATIC ENZYMES Flashcards

1
Q

Systematic name of Amylase (AMS)

A

Alpha 1,4 glucan-4-glucohydrolase

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2
Q

Amylase is a ______ that catalyzes the breakdown of _______ via α, 1-6 branching linkages

A

DIGESTIVE ENZYME, starch and glycogen

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3
Q

Amylase is involved in carbohydrates (polysaccharides) ________ and _______

A

digestion & absorption

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4
Q

The SMALLEST enzyme in biologic system

A

Amylase (AMS)

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5
Q

the only enzyme that is normally filtered by the renal glomerulus and secreted in urine

A

Amylase

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6
Q

Amylase major tissue sources

A

Pancreas (acinar cells) & Salivary Glands

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7
Q

Amylase minor tissue sources

A

Fallopian tube, Adipose tissue, Small intestine, Skeletal muscles

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8
Q

Amylase is increased in

A

Acute pancreatitis, renal failure & parotitis

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9
Q

Causes of ACUTE PANCREATITIS

A

Overeating, alcohol

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10
Q

Overeating, alcohol attack occurs during

A

deep sleep

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11
Q

Amylase level is increased _______ after the onset of pancreatitis _______

A

2-12 hours, (1st enzyme to elevate)

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12
Q

Peak level of amylase is seen after _______ Normalizes within _______. Remains elevated in urine for _______

A

24 hours, 3-5 days, 1 week

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13
Q

In renal failure, urine amylase _______, because most of the amylase is ________

A

decreases, reabsorbed

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14
Q

Urine amylase decreases =

A

Plasma amylase increases

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15
Q

inflammation of the parotid glands (major salivary gland)

A

PAROTITIS

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16
Q

PAROTITIS disease association

A

Mumps

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17
Q

Amylase isoenzymes

A

Salivary Amylase
Pancreatic Amylase

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18
Q

ptyalin (fast moving type) (s type)

A

Salivary Amylase

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19
Q

amylopsin (slow moving type; less anodic) (p type)

A

Pancreatic Amylase

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20
Q

Major isoenzyme for amylase

A

Pancreatic Amylase

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21
Q

Measures the disappearance of starch substrate

A

Amyloclastic

22
Q

Starch-Iodine Complex (Dark-blue) →

A

decrease in color intensity

23
Q

Iodine can stain starch as _______ (initial color) and as the starch is converted into a simpler form, the color of the iodine color reaction __________ , decreasing its _______.

A

dark-blue
decreases in intensity
absorbance

24
Q

The activity of amylase is _________ to absorbance of the test

A

inversely proportional

25
Q

Measures the appearance of the product

A

Saccharogenic

26
Q

In saccharogenic methodology, the measurement of the reducing sugar (product) is __________ to the activity of amylase to polysaccharide substrate

A

directly proportional

27
Q

Measures the increasing color from production of product - chromogenic dye fragment

A

Chromogenic

28
Q

Coupling of several enzyme system to monitor amylase activity

A

Continuous Monitoring

29
Q

In continuous monitoring, the Secondary/ Coupling Enzymes (present in the reagent)

A

a-glucosidase, Hexokinase, & Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

30
Q

Systematic name of Lipase (LPS)

A

Triacylglycerol acyl hydrolase

31
Q

Lipase is a _______ that hydrolyzes the ester linkages of fats to produce _______. Targets the ________ in fats

A

DIGESTIVE ENZYME
alcohols and fatty acids
ester bonds

32
Q

Larger molecule and remains longer in circulation

A

Lipase
(7days)

33
Q

It is not normally filtered in the kidneys

A

Lipase (LPS)

34
Q

Lipase (LPS) major tissue source

A

Pancreas (PANCREAS SPECIFIC)

35
Q

Lipase (LPS) substrates

A

Triacylglycerol, Alcohol, Release of Fatty Acids

36
Q

Lipase Lipid Metabolism 4 pathways

A

1- Intestinal Absorption Pathway: where pancreatic lipase is involved
2- Exogenous Pathway
3- Endogenous Pathway
4- reverse Transport Pathway (for cholesterol)

37
Q

EARLY & SPECIFIC marker for Acute Pancreatitis

38
Q

In detecting acute pancreatitis, ______ is faster but ______is more specific

A

Amylase
Lipase

39
Q

Lipase is increased ______ after the onset of pancreatitis. Peak level is seen after and stays elevated up to

A

6 hours
24 hours
7 days

40
Q

Reference method for Lipase

A

Cherry Crandall

41
Q

Substrate of Cherry Crandall and Tietz

A

50% Olive Oil (triolein)
Triolein is a more pure form of triglyceride, 50% because there is water (for hydrolysis to happen)

42
Q

Titrating agent of Cherry Crandall and Tietz

A

0.4N NaOH
Titrating agents is required because fatty acid release is being determined

43
Q

Cherry Crandall indicator

A

Phenolphthalein

44
Q

Cherry Crandall end color

45
Q

Tietz end color

46
Q

Tietz indicator

A

Thymolphthalein + Veronal

47
Q

Cherry Crandall and Tietz end point

A

Fatty Acid (Oleic Acid)

48
Q

Estimation of liberated fatty acids

A

Turbidimetric Methods

49
Q

The substrate (triglyceride) is _____, thus it is ______ to water and is ______

A

hydrophobic, INSOLUBLE, nonpolar

50
Q

Lipase interferences

A

Hemolysis inhibits lipase activity (falsely decreased)

51
Q

Presence of ______ can inhibit the enzymatic activity of lipase to substrate

A

hemoglobin

FINALS CC 2 (7 decks)

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