Pancreas Tumors Flashcards by Impo Unknown

Q

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors form

A

in hormone-making islet cells of the pancreas

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Q

The pancreas has three areas

A

head body and tail

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Q

The pancreas has two types of cells

A

endocrine and exocrine cells

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Q

Endocrine pancreas cells make

A

hormones like insulin to control blood sugar

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Q

Exocrine pancreas cells make

A

enzymes to help digest food

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Q

Islet cell tumors are also called

A

pancreatic endocrine tumors or pancreatic NETs

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Q

Pancreatic NETs can be

A

benign or malignant

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Q

Pancreatic NETs are less common

A

but have a better prognosis than exocrine tumors

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Q

Pancreatic NETs can be

A

functional or nonfunctional

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Q

Functional pancreatic NETs make

A

extra hormones causing symptoms

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Q

Nonfunctional pancreatic NETs

A

do not produce extra hormones

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Q

Most pancreatic NETs

A

are functional tumors

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Q

Functional pancreatic NETs produce

A

hormones like gastrin insulin and glucagon

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Q

Gastrinoma is a tumor

A

that makes excess gastrin

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Q

Gastrin causes the stomach

A

to release acid for digestion

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Q

Excess gastrin and acid

A

are seen in gastrinomas

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Q

Insulinoma is a tumor

A

that produces insulin

Q

Insulin controls blood sugar

A

and insulinomas usually are benign

Q

Glucagonoma is a tumor

A

that produces glucagon

Q

Glucagon increases blood sugar

A

by breaking down glycogen in the liver

Q

Glucagonomas are usually

A

malignant

Q

VIPomas make

A

vasoactive intestinal peptide

Q

Somatostatinomas make

A

somatostatin

Q

Certain syndromes

A

increase the risk of pancreatic NETs

Having a risk factor

does not guarantee cancer development

Signs and symptoms of pancreatic NETs

depend on the hormone being made

Gastrinoma causes

multiple recurrent stomach ulcers

Gastrinoma symptoms include

abdominal pain reflux and diarrhea

Insulinoma causes

low blood sugar and tachycardia

Symptoms of low blood sugar

include blurred vision weakness and confusion

Glucagonoma causes

skin rash and high blood sugar

Symptoms of glucagonoma

include weight loss diarrhea and sore tongue

VIPoma causes

diarrhea dehydration and low potassium

Low potassium symptoms

include muscle weakness numbness and cramps

Imaging tests for pancreatic NETs

include CT MRI and endoscopy

Lab tests for gastrinoma

include fasting serum gastrin and basal acid output

Lab tests for insulinoma

include fasting glucose and insulin test

Lab tests for glucagonoma

include fasting glucose and glucagon test

Lab tests for VIPoma

include serum VIP and stool analysis

Pancreatic NET treatment

is tumor excision after localization