Pancreas Tumors Flashcards by Impo Unknown

Q

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors form

A

in hormone-making islet cells of the pancreas

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Q

The pancreas has three areas

A

head body and tail

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Q

The pancreas has two types of cells

A

endocrine and exocrine cells

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Q

Endocrine pancreas cells make

A

hormones like insulin to control blood sugar

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Q

Exocrine pancreas cells make

A

enzymes to help digest food

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Q

Islet cell tumors are also called

A

pancreatic endocrine tumors or pancreatic NETs

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Q

Pancreatic NETs can be

A

benign or malignant

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Q

Pancreatic NETs are less common

A

but have a better prognosis than exocrine tumors

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Q

Pancreatic NETs can be

A

functional or nonfunctional

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Q

Functional pancreatic NETs make

A

extra hormones causing symptoms

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Q

Nonfunctional pancreatic NETs

A

do not produce extra hormones

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Q

Most pancreatic NETs

A

are functional tumors

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Q

Functional pancreatic NETs produce

A

hormones like gastrin insulin and glucagon

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Q

Gastrinoma is a tumor

A

that makes excess gastrin

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Q

Gastrin causes the stomach

A

to release acid for digestion

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Q

Excess gastrin and acid

A

are seen in gastrinomas

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Q

Insulinoma is a tumor

A

that produces insulin

Q

Insulin controls blood sugar

A

and insulinomas usually are benign

Q

Glucagonoma is a tumor

A

that produces glucagon

Q

Glucagon increases blood sugar

A

by breaking down glycogen in the liver

Q

Glucagonomas are usually

A

malignant

Q

VIPomas make

A

vasoactive intestinal peptide

Q

Somatostatinomas make

A

somatostatin

Q

Certain syndromes

A

increase the risk of pancreatic NETs

Q

Having a risk factor

A

does not guarantee cancer development

Q

Signs and symptoms of pancreatic NETs

A

depend on the hormone being made

Q

Gastrinoma causes

A

multiple recurrent stomach ulcers

Q

Gastrinoma symptoms include

A

abdominal pain reflux and diarrhea

Q

Insulinoma causes

A

low blood sugar and tachycardia

Q

Symptoms of low blood sugar

A

include blurred vision weakness and confusion

Q

Glucagonoma causes

A

skin rash and high blood sugar

Q

Symptoms of glucagonoma

A

include weight loss diarrhea and sore tongue

Q

VIPoma causes

A

diarrhea dehydration and low potassium

Q

Low potassium symptoms

A

include muscle weakness numbness and cramps

Q

Imaging tests for pancreatic NETs

A

include CT MRI and endoscopy

Q

Lab tests for gastrinoma

A

include fasting serum gastrin and basal acid output

Q

Lab tests for insulinoma

A

include fasting glucose and insulin test

Q

Lab tests for glucagonoma

A

include fasting glucose and glucagon test

Q

Lab tests for VIPoma

A

include serum VIP and stool analysis

Q

Pancreatic NET treatment

A

is tumor excision after localization