Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Abdomen > Pancreas > Flashcards

Pancreas Flashcards

0
Q

The head of the panc is ___ to the IVC

A

Anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

GDA and CBD location to the panc head

A

GDA is ant lat

CBD is post lat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The head of the pan is ____ to the 2nd pt of duodenum

A

Medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The CBD is ___ to the head of the panc

A

Posterior lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The GDA is ___ to the head of the panc

A

Anterior lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The SMA and vein are ___ to the neck of the panc

A

Posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The uncinate process is ___ to the SMA and vein

A

Posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The aorta is __ to the body of the panc

A

Posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The celiac axis arises from the aorta ___ to the panc

A

Superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The GDA and CBD run ____ to the 1st pt of the duodenum

A

Posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The splenic vein is ___ to the panc

A

Posterior inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The SMA arises from the aorta __ to the pancreas

A

Inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The SMA and vein are ___ to the uncinate process

A

Anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The SMA and vein are ___ to the third pt of the duodenum

A

Anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The SMV is to the ___ of the SMA

A

Right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The PV is the result of the combination of the ___ and the ___

A

SMV and splenic vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Courvoisier Law

A

Enlg gb with palp mass is suggestive of pancreatic cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Islet cell tumor

A

Small, endocrine tumor, usually in tail.
MC benign tumors, some malignant

MC insulinoma: hyperinsulinism & hypoglycemia

2nd MC gastrinoma: assoc with gastric hypersecretions and peptic ulcer disease

Functioning
Nonfunctioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Panc pseudocyst

A

Collection of panc fluid encapsulated by fibrous tissue,

Caused by acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, trauma, panc cancer

Mc in panc, intraperitoneal, retroperitoneal, intraparenchymal, thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pancreas

A

Retroperitoneal gland bound ant by the stomach and duodenum, and post by the pre vertebral vessels

Located in the anterior pararenal space

Horseshoe, dumbbell, comma shape.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

SMV courses ___ to the uncinate process

A

Anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Panc neck is ____ to the portosplenic confluence

A

Anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Panc body is ___ to SMA, Aorta, and splenic vein

A

Anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Panc body is ____ to stomach

A

Posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Panc body is ____ to splenic artery
Inferior
25
Panc tail is ____ to left kidney
Anterior
26
Panc tail is ___ to splenic vein
Anterior lateral
27
Panc tail is ____ to the stomach and splenic artery
Posterior
28
Normal length of pancreas
12-18cm L Head is 2.3-3.5 cm
29
Panc is ___ to PV
Inferior
30
Blood supply to pancreas and drainage
Splenic artery, pancreaticoduodenal arteries SMV drains to splenic vein.
31
Panc ducts
Main pancreatic duct/duct of Wirsung < 2 mm Accessory duct/ Duct of Santorini
32
Endocrine function
Secretion of insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin | by cells in the islet of Langerhans
33
Exocrine function
Secretion of digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, carboxypeptidase, trypsin, chymotrypsin by the acini cells
34
Pancreatic enzymes
Amylase, lipase, carboxypeptidase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, sodium bicarbonate.
35
Amylase
Breaks down carbs
36
Lipase
Breaks down fat
37
Carboxypeptidase, chymotrypsin, and trypsin
Breaks down protein into amino acids.
38
Sodium bicarbonate
Neutralizes stomach acid
39
Nucleasis
Breakdown of nucleic acid
40
Panc lab values
Amylase, lipase, steatorrhea (fat poo), blood glucose, bilirubin
41
Alpha cells produce Beta cells produce Delta cells produce
Glucagon Glucose Somatostatin
42
Pancreatitis lab
Amylase and lipase inc. amylase dec 48-72 hours later while lipase remains elevated for up to 14 days.
43
MC congenital panc anomaly
Ectopic tissue
44
Congenital anomalies
Ectopic tissue: usually in GI tract Annular pancreas (panc surrounds duodenum): donut shape. Assoc with duodenal atresia Pancreas divisium (fusion failure) Pancreatic cyst (PCD) Cystic fibrosis (inc exocrine secretion)
45
Cystic Fibrosis
Hereditary, die around 40, increased mucous secretion of exocrine gland Affects pancreas lungs intestines and biliary tract Echogenic hetero small pancreas.
46
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of pancreas. Caused by bile reflux, hypersecretion and obstruction, alcohol, duodenal reflux
47
Acute pancreatitis
Cause: biliary tract disease #1, alcohol abuse #2 Pain, fever, n/v, pain after large meal or after alcohol binge. Don't give water to pancreatitis bc causes pain. Sitting up relieves. Enlarged hypochoic with large pancreatic duct. Hetero panc. Inc serum amylase
48
Complications of acute pancreatitis
Panc abscess Dehydration (renal failure) Pulmonary edema (resp distress) Chronic pancreatitis Pseudocyst: 20%, contains panc juice, blood, debri. Enzymes escape & digest surrounding tissue and becomes walled off area Hemorrhage Phlegmon: inflamed spread diffuse pus Biliary obstruction Duodenal obstruction Pseudoaneurysm
49
Pseudocyst
20%, contains panc fluid encapsulated by fibrous tissue Caused by pancreatitis, trauma, and panc cancer MC in lesser sac, pancreas, also in peritoneal cavity, within or near panc, liver/spleen/kidney, thorax Thick borders, fluid filled, debri, septations, ca+ May spontaneous regress, may rupture and 50% die,
50
Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis
Panc enzymes suddenly escape into glandular tissue leads to rupture of panc vessels and hemorrhage Intense pain, pain radiating to back, shock, ileus, dec hematocrit, hypotension, resp distress, metabolic acidosis Homo mass in panc. Gets cystic with age.
51
Phlegmon
Severe form of acute panc, spread of inflammation outside of gland to soft tissue. Edema hypo Collection of necrotic and adematous peripancreatic tissue
52
Abscess
Complication of panc with tissue necrosis. Fever, chills, wbc inc Dirty shadow.
53
Chronic pancreatitis
Repeated attacks of pancreatitis. Associated with alcohol abuse, usually males, inc risk for pancreatic cancer. Epigastric pain, back pain, n/v, jaundice, fat poo, flatulence, wt loss, diabetes, obstruction Amylase and lipase may not be elevated. Will have steatorrhea, abnl glucose, and inc bilirubin with obstruction. Hyperechoic, small, hetero, panc ductal dilatation, ca+, irregular borders, pseudocyst formation May be focal hyperechoic
54
Cystic diseases
ADPKD Von Hippel Lindau Syndrome Fibrocystic disease True cyst
55
Acinar Cell Adenocarcinoma
MC 90% panc cancer. Exocrine part. Head 60-70%, body 20-30%, tail 5-10% Diffuse hetero Back pain, epigastric pain, anorexia, wt loss, jaundice, n/v, stool changes, weak, new onset of diabetes, 80-85% with mets. Hypo mass, irreg borders, big panc, dilated duct, hetero panc., liver mets, ascites, lymphadenopathy, pseudocyst formation 2-3 month survival
56
Double duct sign in panc cancer
Dilated panc duct and CBD
57
Macrocystic Adenoma/ Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma
Rare, significantly malignant potential, slow growing & better prognosis Tail 60% Large cyst, 2-20cm, complex, ca+, with or without septations.
58
Microcystic Adenoma / Serous Cystadenoma
Rare, benign, assoc with Von Hippel Lindau MC in panc body and tail Echogenic mass containing Small cysts.
59
Islet Cell Tumor
MC benign tumor of panc but may be malignant. Does not mets. Usually in body & tail. Slow growing. Functional vs Nonfunctional MC insulinoma & presents with hypoglycemia. Small hypo. Usually fat people from overeating hypoglycemic episodes.
60
Functional Islet Cell Tumor
MC functional, body & tail. Insulinoma MC 60%, benign Gastrinoma 18%, usually malignant
61
Non-Functioning Islet Cell Tumor
92% malignant, tail Easier to detect bc slow growing and symptoms don't start until they're large. Homo, hypo, solitary, large are hyper and Ca+, necrotic areas suggest malignancy
62
Panc mets
Rare, primary melanoma, GI, breast, lung
63
Panc transplant
Used to reverse complications of diabetes In iliac fossa Acute rejection: patchy areas of dec echoes, hypo, inc size, ductal dilatation, high RI & hetero panc. Chronic rejection: inc echoes, dec size, RI > .8 Complications: type 1 diabetes, vascular thrombus, pseudoaneurysm, arterio-venous fistula, abscess, pancreatitis, hematoma, lymphocele, urinoma, pseudocyst, ascites, anastomotic strictures Norm Doppler RI should be <.7
64
Solid panc mass evaluate
Liver for mets, Biliary tree and panc duct for dilatation, regional lymphadenopathy, PV and splenic vein for thrombus
65
Panc head is ___ to portal vein
Inferior to
66
Pancreatic divisun
2 panc ducts not fused Panc fail to fuse MC variant
67
Surgery of choice of panc cancer
Whipple procedure. Remove part of panc.
68
MC panc Cancer
Adenocarcinoma Usually in head Hypo mass Risks: chronic pancreatitis, smoking, high fatty diet, diabetes CT image stages Cancer Look for liver mets and lymphadenopathy
69
Duodenum encircles
Head of panc
70
Splenic vein ____ to panc
Posterior & inf/caudal to panc.
71
IVC _____ to panc head
Posterior

Abdomen (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions