PAMs

Question 1

superficial heating PAMs

Answer 1

Paraffin
Hot packs
Cryotherapy
Contrast bath
Whirlpool bath
Fluidotherapy
Infrared light bath

Question 2

Deep heating PAMs

Answer 2

Therapeutic ultrasound
Phonophoresis
Diathermy

Question 3

when to address edema

Answer 3

According to a “clinical pearl” in Cooper’s book, “Reducing edema is almost always the first priority; do this and the client will gain motion.” A digit that is extremely swollen will not tolerate stretch to be placed upon it the way that a non-swollen digit would. With edema in the way the finger will be stiff and unable to bend. Once the edema is gone the patient will gain the ability to bend and then focusing upon increasing ROM and strength will be appropriate. Also, it is important to use modalities that are appropriate for the client. Using ultrasound on an individual with pins could be detrimental as
the deep heat could increase the temperature of the metal pins and burn internal tissues.

Question 4

contraindicated for superficial thermal agents

Answer 4

acute inflammation

acute edema

impaired cognitive status

deep vein thrombosis

Question 5

not contraindicated for superficial thermal agents

Answer 5

chronic inflammation