Fractures

Question 1

Femoral head fx

Answer 1

may need to replace ball and socket –> THA

Question 2

proximal Femoral fx

Answer 2

ORIF (plates and screws)

DONT need hip precautions
DONT need weight bearing precautions

Question 3

Colles fx (foush)

Answer 3

cast/surgery

Question 4

UE fx: what to address

Answer 4

1.hand dominance
2. compensatory techniques
3. one handed techniques
4. AE

Question 5

Distal cast

Answer 5

AROM of whole extremity

Question 6

Spinal fx

Answer 6

get info from surgeon about precautions

log roll

avoid reaching

change position frequently

no bending past 90 degrees

no twisting trunk

Question 7

fracture evaluation

Answer 7

mechanism of injury
results
edema
pain
AROM
sensation
roles, occ, ADLs

Question 8

colles fx

Answer 8

Tries to catch self w/ wrist extended. Break in distal radius causing it to point in a dorsal direction.

Question 9

smith’s fx

Answer 9

“reverse Colles’ fracture;” fall on flexed wrist – distal radius points ventral

Question 10

distal radius fx

Answer 10

*arm is extended during fall

Question 11

most common fx

Answer 11

colles fx

Question 12

distal radius fx
(intra-articular)

Answer 12

broken piece of radius extends into the joint

Question 13

distal radius fx
(extra-articular)

Answer 13

broken part of radius does not extend into the joint

Question 14

Barton’s fx

Answer 14

falling on extended and pronated wrist

distal radius fx with dislocation of the radiocarpal joint

can be dorsal or palmar

Question 15

scaphoid fx

Answer 15

*Break in carpal bone at bae of thumb (scaphoid)

*Most often injured when fall on palm of extended hand

Question 16

Distal ulnar fx

Answer 16

*Injury at distal end of ulna where the radius and ulna articulate with wrist bone

*Usually not an independent fx – distal radius fx also

*Usually injured when too much rotation of the wrist or an extreme force against the ulna

*Most often a significant ligament injury as well

Question 17

closed fx

Answer 17

no skin puncture

Question 18

open fx

Answer 18

skin puncture with bone protruding

Question 19

greenstick fx

Answer 19

bone bends/does not fully break

Question 20

spiral fx

Answer 20

twisted/rotated like a corkscrew

Question 21

avulsion fx

Answer 21

tendon or ligament is taxed and pulled too hard causing it to pull away and break the bone

Question 22

oblique fx

Answer 22

angle caused by the outside force coming at a right angle to the bone

Question 23

transverse fx

Answer 23

fx is perpendicular to shaft of the bone

Question 24

pathological fx

Answer 24

caused by disease making the bone weak, bone can break without warning and from minimal pressure

Question 25

tendon and nerve injury damage

Answer 25

sensation loss

movement loss

wrist drop

inability to extend wrist

compromised muscle tone in shoulder, arms and hands

Question 26

treatment for tendon and nerve injuries

Answer 26

Splinting, PAMs, vibration and sensory modalities, tendon gliding ex, env mod, adaptive equip, edema/pain mgm’t, wound care if there was surgery, establishing HEP, FM and dexterity activities, ROM ex, and exercises that will increase the use of the hand and UE.

Question 27

CTS

Answer 27

volar wrist, median nerve is compressed– numbness, tingling, pain

Question 28

repetetive hand movement

Answer 28

carpal tunnel release may be surgically completed prior to therapy

Question 29

flexor tendon injury

Answer 29

Volar side of hand, superficial
injury when tendon pulled out of sheath and away from the bone by physical sports, diseases i.e. RA, or a deep cut to the palm or fingers.

Question 30

extensor tendon injury

Answer 30

Dorsal side of hand, superficial
tendon is pulled out of the sheath and away from the bone by physical sports, diseases i.e. RA, or a deep cut to the back of the hand

Question 31

mallet finger

Answer 31

extreme force causing flexion, such as jamming the finger when catching a ball)

Question 32

Boutinierre

Answer 32

the finger is bent at the PIP jt, or the thumb is bent at the DIP jt caused by tendon injury or RA)

Question 33

radial nerve damage

Answer 33

Damage caused by physical trauma or infection
Impacts sensation on dorsum of hand and extension of fingers and wrist for assisting in functional grasp

Question 34

ulnar nerve damage

Answer 34

Damage caused by elbow injury, nerve trauma, infection, and increased edema
Impacts sensation of ring and pinkie fingers and FM control

Question 35

median nerve damage

Answer 35

Median nerve – sensation of thumb, middle, and ring fingers and flexion of the fingers and thumb for assisting in functional grasp.
related to carpal tunnel injury, but it can also be caused by trauma, edema, and infection.