Palpation and position of DFL Flashcards
Position compared to other muscles, Scaleni
Superiorly is deep to scm
Position of Longus Colli
Very deep in anterior neck. Deep to hyoid bone, suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles, trachea, and the esophagus. Where the longus colli and capitis overlap, the colli is deep to the capitis
Position of Longus Capitis
Very deep in anterior neck. Deep to hyoid bone, suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles, trachea, and the esophagus
Position of Iliopsoas
Deep to the inguinal ligament and directly anterior to the hip joint
Palpation iliopsoas belly
Patient in forward bent position with anterior tilt of pelvis so to relax the abdominal wall muscles Palpate halfway between SIAS and umbilicus, have the patient flex the hip, feel for contraction Same can be done in supine position, but pillow under knees
Position pectineus
In the proximal anteromedial thigh, part of the pectineus is superficial and lies medial to the iliopsoas and lateral to the adductor longus The femoral nerve, artery, and vein lie over the lateral aspect of the pectineus
Position adductor longus
Much of the muscle is superficial in the proximal anteromedial thigh Is medial to pectineus and lateral to gracilis Adductor brevis is directly deep to the muscle The adductor magnus is directly deep to brevis again
Position adductor brevis
(from anterior)Deep to adductor longus Superficial to adductor magnus
Position adductor magnus from anterior perspective
Deep to pectineus, adductor longus, and adductor brevis Small portion of the adductor magnus is superficial from anterior perspective, between the sartorius, adductor longus, and the gracilis
Position Tibialis posterior
Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus are the deepest muscles in the posterior leg. Where these muscles overlap, the tibialis posterior is the deepest Tibialis posterior is deep to the soleus
Position flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus are the deepest muscles in the posterior leg. Where these muscles overlap, the tibialis posterior is the deepest Flexor digitorum longus is deep to the soleus
Position flexor hallucis longus
Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus are the deepest muscles in the posterior leg. Where these muscles overlap, the tibialis posterior is the deepest Flexor hallucis longus is deep to the soleus
Position quadratus lumborum
Majority of the muscle is deep to the erector spinae
Position scm
Superficial The attachment of scm onto the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone is superficial to the splenius capitis
Position of rectus femoris
Superficial entire way except proximal attachement, which is deep to the sartorius and the tensor fascia latae Deep to the rectus femoris is vastus intermedius
Position tibialis anterior
Sueprficial in anterolateral leg Deep to the belly of tibialis anterior are the extensor digitorum longus and the extensor hallucis longus
Position of extensor digitorum longus
Extensor digitorum longus is superficial except proximally, where it is deep to the tibialis anterior and fibularis longus
Position of extensor hallucis longus
Extensor hallucis longus arises between the tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus and is deep to these muscles proximally A small portion of the belly of the extensor hallucis longus is superifical in the distal half of the leg between the tendons of tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus
Position of Rectus capitis posterior major
Deep to the trapezius and the semispinalis capitis The occipital attachment is deep to the obliquus capitis superior
Position of rectus capitis posterior minor
Deep to trapezius and semispinalis capitis Lies directly medial to the rectus capitis posterior major
Position of biceps femoris
Proximally the muscle is deep to the gluteus maximus Short head is deep to the long head except distally near the knee, where some of the fibers of the short head are superficial, lateral to the long head of the biceps femoris
Position of semitendinosus
Proximally the muscle is deep to the gluteus maximus Of the 3 muscles that attach into pes anserineus, this muscle attaches most posteriorly
Position of semimembranosus
Proximally the muscle is deep to the gluteus maximus The proximal attachment is more lateraly on the tuberositas ischiadicum than the two other hamstrings muscles Deep to the semimembranosus from posterior perspective is the adductor magnus
Position gastrocnemius
Superficial in posterior leg Distal belly and tendon of biceps femoris is superficial to the proximal attachment of lateral gastrocnemius
Position soleus
Posterioly it is deep to gastrocnemius and plantaris, but medially and laterally it is superficial It is superficial to tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus
Position splenius capitis
Deep to trapezius inferiorly, and the sternocleidomastoideus superioly There is a small area part of the muscle which is superficial in the posterior triangle of the neck, between trapezius and sternocleidomastoideus The erector spinae group lies deep to the splenius capitis
Position splenius cervicis
Deep to trapezius, the rhomboids, and the serratus posterior superior Toward its superior attachment, the splenius cervicis is deep to the splenius capitis The cervical PT attachments of the muscle is superficial (from posterior) to the cervical PT attachments of levator scapulae and scaleni The erector spinae lies deep to the splenius cervicis
Position external intercostals
Located in intercostal space between ribs 1-12, therefore deep to all muscles that overlie the ribcage. Not located between costal cartilages of the ribs External intercostals are directly superficial to the internal intercostals
Position internal intercostals
Located in intercostal space between ribs 1-12, therefore deep to all muscles that overlie the ribcage. Not located between costal cartilages of the ribs External intercostals are directly superficial to the internal intercostals Internal intercostals are superficial to the subcostals, and the pleural membrane of the lung
Position external obliques
Superficial. Deep to it lies internal oblique, and deep to that the transversus abdominis
Position gluteus maximus
Superficial Attachment onto gluteal tuberosity is between vastus lateralis and adductor magnus
Position tensor fascia latae
Is anterior to the gluteus medius and posterior to the sartorius
Position gluteus medius
Posterior 1/3 is deep to glut max Portion of the anterior part is deep to the tensor fascia latae Middle portion is superficial
Position gluteus minimus
Deep to the gluteus medius
Position fibularis longus
Proximally is superficial to the extensor digitorum longus Distally is superficial to the fibulars brevis
Position fibularis brevis
Deep to the fibularis longus, but not entirely covered by it
Palpation popliteus
Patient seated
Slide hand around medially of the tibial tuberosity to the posterior shaft
Palpate deep to the gastrocnemius
Ask patient to medially rotate leg(knee), feel for contraction
Palpation tibialis posterior
Tendon at medial malleolus
Have the patient invert ankle
3 tendons (tibalis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus), the tibialis posterior is the closest to the medial malleolus
Palpation flexor digitorum longus
Tom dick and Harry, middle at tendon medial malleolus
Palpate between the soleus and the shaft of the tibia in the medial leg
