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Reviewer: Professional Practice > PALA Document 200 > Flashcards

PALA Document 200 Flashcards

1
Q

PALA Document 201

A

Pre-Planning and Pre-Design Services

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2
Q

PALA Document 202

A

Regular Landscape Architecture Design Services

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3
Q

PALA Document 203

A

Specialized Landscape Design and Allied Services

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4
Q

PALA Document 204

A

Landscape Construction Management Services

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5
Q

PALA Document 205

A

Post-Construction Services

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6
Q

PALA Document 206

A

Project Management Services

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7
Q

PALA Document 207

A

Design-and-Build Engagements

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8
Q

EIA

A

Environmental impact assessment

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9
Q

IEE

A

Initial environmental examination

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10
Q

Upon signing of Agreement - recommended range of progress payment

A

10-15%

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11
Q

Upon submission of Inception Report - recommended range of progress payment

A

10-15%

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12
Q

Upon submission of Pre-final Report - recommended range of progress payment

A

40-50%

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13
Q

Upon submission of Final Report - recommended range of progress payment

A

20-40%

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14
Q

A method of fee compensation that is more appropriate where the Project is of a straightforward nature and/or the contract cost of the landscape works exceeds minimum contract value

A

Percentage-Scale Charges

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15
Q

Group 1

A

Socialized Housing Projects (BP 220)

Rural (Low Intensity) Recreation and Camping Areas

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16
Q

Group 2

A 
Planned Developments and Townships (BP 957)
Clubhouse Facilities
Airports
Schools and Colleges
Parks and Urban Recreation Areas
Apartment Sites
Industrial and Commercial Properties
Shopping Centers
Parking Areas
Hospital and Church Grounds
Hotel Sites
Cemeteries
Public Building Sites
Fairgrounds
Marines
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17
Q

Group 3

A

Residential and Private Grounds

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18
Q

A method of compensation that may be used where the Client’s ability to enter into a service agreement depends on having, at firsthand, a definite budget for services

A

Lump-sum Charges

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19
Q

Upon signing of contract - recommended range of progress payment

A

5-15%

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20
Q

Upon completion of Schematic/Concept Phase - recommended range of progress payment

A

5-15%

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21
Q

Upon completion of Design Development Phase - recommended range of progress payment

A

25-35%

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22
Q

Upon completion of Contract Documents Phase - recommended range of progress payment

A

30-45%

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23
Q

During construction supervision - recommended range of progress payment

A

10-15%

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24
Q

Special studies for a government project shall not exceed ___% of the estimated Project development cost

A

3%

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25
Q

For Landscape Management Services, this involves the preparation of documents for construction, including the forms for contract letting, invitation and instructions to bidders, and bid proposals

A

Pre-bid preliminaries

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26
Q

For Landscape Construction Management Services, this entails assisting the Client in obtaining proposals from Contractors, preparing an abstract of bids, evaluating bid tenders, awarding and preparing the Contracts therefor

A

Bid evaluation

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27
Q

For construction management, the recommended rang e of progress payment upon signing of contract

A

10-15%

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28
Q

For construction management, the recommended rang e of progress payment upon completion of 50% of the works

A

35-40%

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29
Q

For construction management, the recommended rang e of progress payment upon completion of 75% of the works

A

35-40%

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30
Q

For construction management, the recommended rang e of progress payment upon turn over of the Project to Client

A

10-15%

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31
Q

(Post-Construction Services) According to the percentage scale charges based on gross rental, the profession fee of the Landscape Architect shall be ______% of the facility’s gross rental income

A

4-6%

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32
Q

(Project Management) According to the percentage-scale charges based on Project cost, the professional fee of the Project Manager may be _____% of the estimated Project cost

A

2-5%

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33
Q

A design-build arrangement where all costs for labor and materials are directly paid by the Client to the suppliers and the laborers or contractors; where the salaries of the personnel, and all fees and permits shall be directly paid by the Client

A

Design-build by administration

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34
Q

A design-build arrangement where the Landscape Architect guarantees the maximum cost of the Project; the Client shall advance a revolving capital to finance construction

A

Design-Build on a Guaranteed Maximum Cost

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35
Q

The professional fee for design-build arrangement
shall be _____% of the Project construction cost over and above the Landscape
Architect’s design fee

A

7%

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36
Q

The professional fee for
design-build on a guaranteed maximum cost arrangement shall be either _____% of the Project Construction cost
or as tucked in the guaranteed maximum cost

A

10%

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37
Q

A widely used method of compensation for architectural services; fair for the Client and the Architect, as the fee is determined by the cost of the Project, which cost the Client is willing to undertake; flexible and easy to apply, since changes, additions or deductions of the work demanded by the Project or required by the Client would not require an amendment of the service agreement

A

Percentage of Construction Cost

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38
Q

A cost-based method of compensation, usually applicable only to non-creative work, such as accounting, secretarial, research, data gathering, supervision, preparation of reports or work of repetitive nature; does not account for creative work because the value of a creative design cannot be measured by the length of time the designer has spent on his work

A

Multiple of Direct Personnel Expenses

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39
Q

Range of multiplier for the cost-based method of compensation

A

2.0 to 3.0

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40
Q

Formula of Direct Cost

A

AN1 +CN2 +TN3

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41
Q

Formula for Fee

A

Direct Cost x Multiplier

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42
Q

Formula for Total Fee charged to the Client

A

Fee + R, net of tax

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43
Q

GATS

A

General Agreement for Trade in Services

44
Q

A mode of globalized trade in services; refers to a service from a foreign professional that crosses Philippine borders without the physical presence of the foreigner; or conversely, a Filipino professional that crosses foreign borders without the physical presence of the Filipino

A

(Mode 1) Cross-Border Trade

45
Q

A mode of globalized trade in services; refers to a Filipino travelling overseas and securing professional services from a foreign market, or conversely; a foreign professional travelling into the Philippines and securing professional services thereat

A

(Mode 2) Consumption Abroad

46
Q

A mode of globalized trade in services; refers to the presence of the name and office of a foreign professional in the Philippines, or conversely, the presence of the name and office of a Filipino landscape architect in a foreign country

A

(Mode 3) Commercial Presence

47
Q

A mode of globalized trade in services; the actual presence of a foreign professional in the Philippines, practicing landscape architecture in the country, or conversely; the actual presence of a Filipino landscape architect in a foreign country, practicing his profession in that country

A

(Mode 4) Movement of a Natural Person

48
Q

Complete architectural design services including building architectural design supported by civil, structural, sanitary, electrical and mechanical engineering design in one complete package

A

A&E design services

49
Q

Work which includes, but is not necessarily limited to, community organizing, public promotions and media appearances, and legislative lobbying for the purpose of obtaining administrative and legislative action, public awareness and support for an issue or
cause; most of advocacy work is effective when done as part of a non-government organization (NGO), a movement or coalition which enjoys funding support for advocated issues

A

Advocacy

50
Q

The total estimated cost of a Project as reasonably established by design and against which proposed bids are benchmarked and evaluated

A

Approved agency estimate (AAE)

51
Q

The prevailing rate or penalty which a bank charges an account for an amount to be drawn from it in which there are no sufficient funds in the balance

A

Bank overdraft rate

52
Q

A proposal or bid to undertake a Project for a specified amount

A

Bid tender

53
Q

A notice of new instructions, clarification or supplementary information prepared by the consultant and issued to bidders prior to their submission of bid tenders

A

Bid bulletin

54
Q

Rate of compensation of the consultant’s personnel

A

Basic rate

55
Q

Basic rate X a multiplier; the rate for which the Client is billed

A

Billing rate

56
Q

Prepared as part of a Project’s Contract Documents, usually but not necessarily by a registered quantity surveyor; the bill of quantities itemizes the Project’s various work items in spread-sheet format with
corresponding costs for each; hardscape and softscape work items carry separate BOQs and are usually accompanied by a Consolidated BOQ which sums up the total work items

A

Bill of quantities (BOQ)

57
Q

Project or engagement

A

Commission

58
Q

A situation of anti-trust in which simultaneously opposing interests make it impossible for rendering an impartial judgment or service, as for instance, when a supplier of planting materials is also the
landscape designer or when a landscape architect who is designing for a Project also takes commission income from suppliers of materials or products for the same Project; in professional practice, engaging in activities that are a conflict of interest is considered
unethical

A

Conflict of interest

59
Q

a set of bid-ready documents generated as part of design; the documents include complete plans and drawings, the Technical Specifications, Bills of Quantities and the approved agency Cost Estimate of the Project. Large and complex Projects often require separate General and Specific Conditions made part of the set

A

Contact documents

60
Q

A specialist dedicated to the evaluation and monitoring of service and construction contracts insofar as these concern effectivity, modifications, payment schedules and deadlines among other matters; for large and complex Projects the contracts administrator is a dedicated position, attached in a sensitive advisory capacity to the Project Manager

A

Contracts administrator

61
Q

A phase of the detailed design process which entails generating plans, elevations, and other drawings, and outline specifications meant to fix and illustrate the size, quality and character of the entire Project in its essence as to kind of materials, structures and other such related work as may be required

A

Design development

62
Q

Generation of design in sufficient detail that the kind of materials, finishes and character are being set and frozen

A

Detailed design

63
Q

Detailed design of a Project necessary to bring the design to completion to include all aspects of engineering (e.g. civil, structural, sanitary, plumbing, HVAC, lighting and electrical, irrigation)

A

Detailed engineering

64
Q

A person who allows his name and signature to be used in abet-ting the illegal practice of a profession; most dummies hold only token shares of ownership and do not own controlling shares in a partnership or corporation

A

Dummy

65
Q

A study required to be generated by the Client for Projects that are known to create a negative impact on the environment or are to be located in an environmentally sensitive area; the study scopes the range of both positive and negative impacts and recommends mitigating measures for the negative impacts; it also predicts the magnitude of these impacts on the environment; the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) which has review powers over the EIAs to be submitted

A

Environmental impact assessment (EIA)

66
Q

May either be a stand-alone study or a component input for an EIA; depending upon the scope of the proposed Project, this study covers ground in both qualitative and quantitative assessment of a site’s attributes (e.g. landforms and scenic resources, geotechnics, biota, cultural heritage, demographics, existing land uses, vegetative cover, hydrogeology)

A

Environmental baseline study

67
Q

an approval by the DENR to the proposed Project’s proponents to proceed with the development; Projects with negative impacts but for which mitigating measures are deemed feasible are issued ECCs, often with guarantees from the proponent attached as collateral in an Environmental Guarantee Fund (EGF)

A

Environmental compliance certificate (ECC)

68
Q

A fund amount which a Project’s proponent posts as
collateral in exchange for being given the DENR’s approval to develop. Put in escrow, the fund is solely used for any untoward eventuality of the Project’s failure that may cause damage to the environment and to communities; the cost of clean-up and rehabilitation and compensation to those affected are drawn from the fund

A

Environmental guarantee fund (EGF)

69
Q

The various equipment and computer application software which a consultant or a Contractor is expected to have for it to be able to carry out its service under an agreement; some invitations for prequalification or proposals require submission of a schedule of equipment

A

Equipment complement

70
Q

A condition beyond the control of the Client or the Consultant/Contractor which excuses the parties from fulfillment of an agreement in whole or in part such as an act of God (e.g. natural disasters), wars and rebellions, labor strikes or extreme currency fluctuations

A

Force majeure

71
Q

Findings by commissioned geotechnical engineers which report on the quality of subsurface soil and bedrock insofar as their suitability for building and road foundations is concerned, as well as identifying onsite the most probable sources of groundwater and their estimated yields; these reports are usually required as a prerequisite to land and site planning and are used as background studies for the preparation of EIAs

A

Geotechnical report

72
Q

Findings by commissioned geologists which report on the potential geologic hazards of the proposed Project’s site; together with the geotechnical report, the GAR often is a parallel background study to an EIA and may be a prerequisite for it depending upon a Project’s size and complexity

A

Geohazards assessment report (GAR)

73
Q

A separate document often part of the Contract Documents for large and complex Projects which sets out the general conditions (e.g. conformity to safety and labor codes, official workdays, arbitration, which documents of the contract shall prevail in the event of any conflict of interpretation, acceptable variances from the norm, applicable standards) within which the consultant or Contractor is to render service under an agreement

A

General conditions

74
Q

A Project owned and operated by an agency of government, a government owned or controlled corporation (GOCC), a joint-venture or a foreign-assisted / foreign-funded Project in which government has a stake

A

Government project

75
Q

Pretax rental receipts

A

Gross rental

76
Q

In preparing background or special studies, it is the first report made by the consultant, usually followed by a Prefinal and the Final Report

A

Inception report

77
Q

Within easy access of an office, such as employed personnel (e.g. permanent or contractual)

A

In-house

78
Q

Similar to an EIA but more abbreviated; the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) which has review powers over the submitted documents; often required for locations where similar Projects as that being proposed exist nearby

A

Initial environmental examination (IEE)

79
Q

Calls by an agency of government, institution or corporation to shortlist a pool of Consultants and Contractors; the invitations specify which documents are to be submitted for review (e.g. company profile, financial statements) in the prescribed format; those accepted in the prequalification process are usually the accredited entities invited to propose for ensuing Projects; accreditation has a lifespan (e.g. 3, 5 years), after which invitations for prequalification are again called

A

Invitation for prequalification

80
Q

Work outside of the scope of work of the original service contract yet mutually agreed upon by Client and consultant to be considered either as an addition or change order, or may in cases, even be subtracted from the original contract agreement

A

Modifications to the scope of work

81
Q

The amount net to the Consultant, with the withholding tax component assumed by the Client; the fees net are not however exempt of the Consultant’s income tax

A

Net of tax

82
Q

A curve graph used as a guide to establish a consultant’s fee as a percentage of total development cost of a particular type of Project

A

Nomograph

83
Q

A regime or system by which a facility which has been turned-over is expected to operate and continue into the future.; regimes subsume under it a number of maintenance systems, including grounds keeping maintenance

A

Operations and maintenance (Q&M)

84
Q

Obtaining additional personnel from an on-call pool; many small to medium practices retain their competitiveness by resorting to this trend; the need for outsourcing usually is on a Project-basis

A

Outsource

85
Q

A flat rate per day for each of the consultant’s personnel charged to a Client for official visits to the Project site or for assignments elsewhere; rates vary with each category of expertise; net to the personnel and is over and above reimbursable costs for travel, meals and accommodation. Certain agencies of government have their specific definitions of per diem

A

Per diem

86
Q

In a strict sense, the practice of the profession as a self-employed independent service provider; the Landscape Architecture Law (RA 9053) has an expanded definition of practice to include certain salaried positions such as in teaching and grounds keeping; may be a sole-proprietorship, a partnership or corporation; partnerships and corporations registered for the practice of Landscape Architecture must, by law, have at least eighty (80%) of its members being properly registered as landscape architects

A

Practice

87
Q

In construction management, a conference organized either by the selected Contractor or the Client, prior to commencing any construction activity; its purpose is to initiate lines of authority, protocol and communications that would govern over the Project’s construction

A

Pre-construction conference

88
Q

A document issued by a Client describing the Project for which consulting or contracting services are required; it contains plans and maps, a Project history and sets the context for the Project. The brief is often issued together with the Terms of Reference (TOR)

A

Project brief

89
Q

Rated or computed in proportion

A

Pro rata

90
Q

Formal transfer of responsibility over a Project to the Client by the Contractor; the turn-over often is marked by the submission by the Contractor of documents (e.g. As-built Plans, Operations and Maintenance manuals)

A

Project turn-over

91
Q

Products or processes covered by registered trademarks or patents including the fabrication and installation of work onsite (e.g. swimming pools and specialized water features, faux rockwork, special finishes, play equipment) which technically are outside the scope and coverage of Landscape Architecture design but interfacing with it

A

Propriety products/processes

92
Q

Temporary and tentative, still requiring finalizing as in a schedule or budget

A

Provisional

93
Q

A specialist who prepares analyses, accounting, estimates and evaluation of costs for a Project’s various work items; the term is largely of British usage rarely used in the Philippines; its nearest equivalent is loosely known as quantity estimator or cost engineer; in the Commonwealth, a registered professional acting in a sensitive advisory capacity to the Project Manager

A

Quantity surveyor

94
Q

A provision in a service agreement which entitles the consultant to be compensated for work actually accomplished up to the point when the agreement has either been suspended or terminated for cause

A

Quantum merit

95
Q

Items such as CAD plotting, photocopying, photo printing, digital imaging and reproduction, binding and mounting among others

A

Reprographics

96
Q

Staff of several disciplines dedicated to a Project’s day-to-day construction management, often based in or near the Project site and reporting to a Project Manager

A

Resident staff

97
Q

Costs part of overhead which a consultant or Contractor reckons with as part of a service agreement for a Project which includes employee benefits (e.g. vacation and sick leaves, bonuses), cost of living allowances, employer’s share of annual gratuity and medicare contributions for personnel

A

Social costs

98
Q

The various personnel which a consultant or a Contractor is expected to have for it to be able to carry out its service under an agreement; some invitations for prequalification or proposals require submission of a schedule of staff

A

Staffing complement

99
Q

Assigning a service or construction contract, in whole or in part, to a party other than the winning bidder to whom the contract was originally awarded; Clients often restrict such a situation and is only allowed in special cases given the Client’s prior consent

A

Subletting of contract

100
Q

A document usually issued by a Client for the purpose of giving a consultant or a Contractor a prescribed format of what a proposal for services should address and contain, how and when these should be submitted

A

Terms of reference (TOR)

101
Q

A partial release of funds

A

Tranche

102
Q

The cost of an item at its basic unit (e.g. per hour, piece or unit, cubic meter, square meter, meter, liter, ton)

A

Unit rate

103
Q

Work unilaterally stopped by a consultant or Contractor without benefit of formal notice to the Client; the reasons for such often are mounting losses or inadequate capability for Project delivery

A

Work abandoned

104
Q

A pause in the progress of work of the consultant or a Contractor owing to factors such as force majeure, or as may be requested by the Client, the consultant or the Contractor; under a work stoppage, billing for amounts for work is temporarily suspended

A

Work stoppage

105
Q

A document part of the Contract Documents which specifies the quality of materials and products, their finishes and workmanship, sources and testing procedures, installation and methods of construction; large and complex Projects require full-dress specifications while for simple ones, abbreviated specifications may be adequate; may be written in a number of internationally accepted formats such as in CSI Construction Specifications Institute), in BS (British Standards) or in a custom hybrid format

A

Technical specifications

106
Q

A factor between 2.0 and 3.0 normally applied to a consultant’s basic minimum fee or direct time rate charges to allow for overhead and a reasonable profit; the multiplier is used to arrive at the consultant’s total fee

A

Multiplier or billing factor

Reviewer: Professional Practice (4 decks)

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