Paired Bones Flashcards
Paired bones
parietal temporal nasal zygomatic maxilla palatine lacrimal inferior nasal conchae
Paired bones motion in cranial flexion
rotate externally
paired bones motion in cranial extension
rotate internally
parietal bone articulations
5 bones occiput frontal sphenoid temporal opposite parietal
Bregma
old anterior fontanelle
edge of frontal and parietals
lambda
old posterior fontanelle
edge of occipital and parietals
Pterion
union of 4 bones parietal temporal frontal sphenoid
asterion
union of 3 bones occipital temporal parietal old mastoid fontanelle
Parietal landmarks outer
upper temporal ridge - attachment of the temporal fascia
lower temporal ridge - origin of the temporalis muscle
temporalis fossae - filled by the temporal muscle
Parietal landmarks inner
saggittal sulcus
groove of MMA
groove for transverse sinus
Parietal axis of motion
two AP axes
Pariental flexion
external rotation
sagittal articulation moves inferiorly
temporal articulation moves laterally
cranium widens laterally
pariental extention
internal rotation
sagittal articulation moves superiorly
temporal articulation moves medially
cranium narrows laterally
Parietal Bone SD
Head Pain - tension headaches
temporal headaches
head, face, and tooth pain
MMA
Sagittal Synostosis
most common form of synostosis
premature fusion of the sagittal suture
increased A and P growth
Lambdoid synostosis
most commonly mistaken for posterior positional deformational plagiocephaly
results in flattening of the back fo the head of the affected side and ipsilateral compensatory growth of the mastoid
leads to characteristic tilt in the cranial base
ear on affected side of deviated posteriorly
Squamous portion of temporal bone contains
zygomatic process
petrous portion of temporal bone contains
otovestibular organ eustachian tube exit border of foramen lacerum attachment of tentorium internal carotid artery jugular foramen styloid process
Temporal bone sutures
parietosquamous sphenosquamous parietomastoid temporozygomatic occipitomastoid TMJ
Muscular attachments to temporal
longissimus capitis splenius diagastric sternocleidomastoid stylohyoid syloglossus masseter
Temporal eustachian tube
internal rotation - compression and high-pitched tinnitus
external rotation - low pitched tinnitus
Temporal bone motion
oblique axis just inferior to petrous ridge
internal rotation with SBS extension
external rotation with SBS flexion
Temporal bone external rotation
With SBS flexion
MP moves medially
Squamous portion moves laterally
Temporal bone internal rotation
With SBS extension
MP moves laterally
squamous portion move medially
Signs and symptoms of temporal bone SD
TMJ pain Head pain - occiptomastoid and asterion neck pain dizziness ear infections swallowing and chewing tinnitius and eustachian tube dysfunction Bells palsy association
Frontal bone articulation
7 bones parietals sphenoid zygoma lacrimals ethmoid maxillae nasals
frontal bone axis
2 vertical axes
transverse palne motion
metopic has hinge-like motion around axes
frontal bone motion
external rotation - lateral side moves anterior/lateral and slightly inferior, glabella moves posteriorly
internal rotation - lateral side moves posterior/medial and slightly superior, glabella moves anteriorly
frontal bone external rotation
sphenoid moves the frontal during external rotation
lateral side moves anterior/lateral and slightly inferior
glabella moves posteriorly
frontal bone internal rotation
lateral side moves posterior/medial and slightly superior
glabella moves anteriorly
Signs and symptoms of frontal bone SD
focal head pain - coronal global head pain frontalis muscle sinusitis visual problems anosmia
Bicoronal synostosis
restriction of growth of the anterior fossa results in a shorter and wider shape - brachycephaly
compensatory vertical growth - turricephaly
associated with syndromes liek Apert, Crouzon, Muenke, and Pfeiffer
Unicoronal Synostosis
leads to a head shape called anterior plagiocephaly
face has a characteristic C-shape or facial twist
base of nose is drawn towards the affected side
affected forehead is flat and contralateral more anterior
