Cranial Strains and Movement Patterns

Question 1

midline bones

Answer 1

occiput
sphenoid
mandible
vomer
ethmoid
frontal

Question 2

Paired bones

Answer 2

frontal
parietal
squamous temporals
squamous occiput
inferior nasal concha
lacrimal
maxilla
nasal
palatine
zygoma
frontal

Question 3

Midline bones

Answer 3

flexion/extension

usually rotate about a transverse axis in a anterior/posterior direction

Question 4

paired bones

Answer 4

internal/external rotation

usually move about AP axis in a lateral motion

Question 5

Ethmoid parts

Answer 5

horizontal - cribriform plate
perpendicular plate
lateral masses (2)

Question 6

Ethmoid flexion

Answer 6

rotates around a transverse axis
crista galli swings superiorly and posteriorly
lateral masses externally rotate(expand inferiorly)

Question 7

Ethmoid extension

Answer 7

rotates around a transverse axis
crista galli swings inferiorly and anteriorly
lateral masses internally rotate(compress inferiorly)

Question 8

5 articulations of the Vomer

Answer 8

nasal septum
ethmoid
sphenoid
palatines
maxillae

Question 9

Vomer flexion

Answer 9

rotates around a transverse axis
wide flat palate
posterior part depresses the palatine, flattening the roof of the mouth
anterior part ascends to allow premaxillae to externally rotate

Question 10

Vault Contact

Answer 10

Index fingers rest of the greater sphenoid wing, just posterior to the frontozygomatic suture
Middle fingers anterior to the ear on temporal
ring fingers rest on the mastoid process
pinky fingers rest on the occiput
palms may rest upon the parietals
thumbs may contact the frontal bone

Question 11

Lateral Strain Axis

Answer 11

Two vertical axis

Question 12

Lateral Strain Names

Answer 12

for the direction of the base of the sphenoid

Question 13

Lateral Strain Motion

Answer 13

motion happens in the same direction

Question 14

Lateral Strain Palpation

Answer 14

1st fingers move in opposite direction from pinky fingers

side of strain moves anteriorly

Question 15

Vertical Strain Axis

Answer 15

two transverse axis

Question 16

Vertical strain named

Answer 16

named for the direction of the base of the sphenoid

Question 17

Vertical strain motion

Answer 17

motion happens in the same direction

Question 18

Vertical strain palpation

Answer 18

superior - 1st fingers move away from practitioner, pinky fingers move toward practitioner
inferior - 1st fingers move toward the practitioner, pinky fingers move away from practitioner

Question 19

Torsion axis

Answer 19

one sagittal axis (AP)

Question 20

Torsion named

Answer 20

named for the higher greater wing of the sphenoid

Question 21

Torsion motion

Answer 21

motion happens in opposite directions about the axis

Question 22

Torsion palpation

Answer 22

1st finger and pinky of one hand move superiorly while the other hand moves inferiorly

Question 23

Sidebending rotation axis

Answer 23

one sagittal (AP)
two vertical

Question 24

sidebending rotation named

Answer 24

named for the convexity developed in the cranium

full side

Question 25

sidebending rotation motion

Answer 25

motion is in the same direction about sagittal axis

motion is opposite on the vertical axes

Question 26

sidebending rotation palpation

Answer 26

named side feels “fuller”
1st finger and pinky move away from each other and out.
opposite side “shrinks”
1st finger and pinky move toward each other and in

Question 27

compression axis

Answer 27

sagittal (AP)

Question 28

compression causes

Answer 28

significant trauma, depression, anxiety

may mimic other patterns

Question 29

location of trauma to cause lateral strain

Answer 29

A or P to SBS

Question 30

location of trauma to cause vertical strain

Answer 30

either in front or behind SBS on superior or inferior aspect of the head

Question 31

location of trauma to cause torsion

Answer 31

hit with a roll

Question 32

location of trauma to cause sidebending rotation

Answer 32

blow right to the ear

Question 33

axis of motion of the sacrum

Answer 33

superior transverse posterior S2