Pain Science Flashcards
What is pain?
An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with either actual, potential, or perceived tissue damage.
What are the purposes of pain?
Alerts body to danger, provides protection from injury, encourages behavioral change.
Why is pain so effective?
It is difficult to ignore and produces an emotional response.
What is the general flow of pain generation?
High threshold nerve ending stimulated, nociceptor depolarized, dorsal horn and second order neurons depolarize, brain processes a signal and generates a perception.
Explain the neuromatrix theory of pain
All sensation is imprinted in brain. Can be activated by inputs or in absence of inputs. Stimuli trigger patterns of sensation but don’t produce them.
What are four characteristics of nociceptive pain?
- Mechanical in nature
- Localized
- Shorter duration
- Patho-mechanical explanation
What are four characteristics of persistent pain?
- Non-mechanical
- Poorly defined location
- Exaggerated response
- Psychosocial concerns
What are some risk factors for persistent pain?
- Psychosocial factors
- Gender (female)
- Genetics
- Smoking
- Litigation
What are some symptoms of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome?
- Exaggerated pain
- Skin color and temp changes
- Changes in nail and hair growth patterns
- Swelling
- Motor disability
What is the trigger for CRPS?
Tissue damage
What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 CRPS?
Type 2 is caused by nerve pain, worse symptoms and worse prognosis
How is CRPS treated?
Medication, desensitization, graded motor imagery, psychiatric treatment
How is CRPS diagnosed?
Buudapest criteria:
What are some symptoms of Fribromyalgia?
- Widespread muscular pain
- Fatigue
- Brain fog
- Difficulty sleeping
- Reduced tolerance to activity
- Can be associated with other conditions like IBS and chronic fatigue
How is FM now diagnosed?
Widespread pain index, symptom severity score
(WPI >6 and SS > 4 or WPI3-6 and SS >8
