Pain and Comfort Flashcards
Acute Pain
up to 3 months
Chronic Pain
3 months and beyond
Nociceptive
normal pain transmission
Somatic Pain
easy to be localized
more superficial (someone falls off bike)
skin, mucous membranes, joints
Idiopathic
not easy to identify cause
For what age group is the face pain scale used for?
ages 4-7
FLACC pain rating
non-communicative
Face
Legs
Activity
Cry
Consolability
Comfort-Function Goal
Pain goal
Examples of non-pharmacological interventions
massage
positioning and body alignment
splinting
What are some risks associated with heat therapy?
capillary permeability, burning, rupture from vasodilation
What are some benefits associated with heat therapy?
- increased blood flow
- accelerates inflammatory process
What are some benefits associated with cold therapy?
- decreases blood flow
- controls local bleeding and edema
What are some risks associated with cold therapy?
tissue damage, infants lose body heat fast
What are the benefits of hypnosis?
enhance concentration
decrease distraction
heighten responsiveness
What does lavender reduce?
anxiety
What does peppermint reduce?
nausea
What is TENS?
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
- electrodes on skin to increase blood flow
What is threshold?
the point at which a psychological or physiological effect begins to be produced
What is the primary pharmacologic action of non-opioids?
inhibition of COX which decreases inflammation
What is the primary pharmacologic action of opioids?
opioid receptors in brain cells that release signals that muffle your perception of pain and boost feelings of pleasure
What is adjuvant medication?
has a primary indication other than pain
What are examples of adjuvant medications?
antidepressants, anticonvulsants, steroids
What is the primary pharmacologic action of adjuvants?
act on excitatory or inhibitory neurotransmitters
What are side effects of Percocet?
constipation
nausea
vomiting
dizziness
drowsiness
What are some nursing interventions to side effects of Percocet?
eat more fiber
slow down at home
take pill with food
What is the opioid guardianship program?
- Prevention & appropriate prescribing
- Addiction treatment/ relapse prevention
- Diversion, Prevention & medical disposal
