PAIN Flashcards
NOCICEPTIVE PAIN
Pain caused by non neurological sources
DEFINITION OF PAIN
Pain is defined as whatever the person that is experiencing it says it is , whenever he says it is
Concept of pain
An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
GATE THEORY
A fibers close the gate and prevent transmission to the brain
C fibers open the gate
Gate is in dorsal horn of spinal cord
Opioid receptors on the fibers
ACUTE PAIN
Sudden onset Short lived Sharp Localized Responds to treatment
CHRONIC PAIN
Dull
Recurrent
Harder to treat
Long lasting
PAIN THRESHOLD
Level of stimulus needed to produce perception of pain
PAIN TOLERANCE
Amount of pain a patient can endure without it interfering with normal function
POPULATIONS MOST AT RISK
Older adults
INDIVIDUAL RISK FACTORS
Chronic conditions
Acute or traumatic injury
Medical procedures
Breakthrough pain
BREAKTHROUGH PAIN
Pain flare
Patient is on long acting pain med and uses short acting drug for this pain
SIGNS OF PAIN
Sweating Fast respiration Restlessness Crying Guarding
ELEMENTS OF PAIN ASSESSMENT
Location Intensity Quality Onset and duration Relieving factors( what helps?) Effect on quality of life Goal
HIERACHY OF PAIN MEASURES
Self report Patient condition Observe behavioral signs Evaluate physiological indicators Analgesic trial
NURSING INTERVENTIONS FOR PAIN
Alternative
Drug therapy