Pain

Question 1

Define pain

Answer 1

Unpleasant emotion and physical experience association with actual or potential tissue damage

Question 2

What is the physical component of pain

Answer 2

Nocioception

Question 3

What are the 2 types of nocioceptor and fibres

Answer 3

Mechanical - lower threshold, Adelta fibres

Polymodal - high threshold, C fibres

Question 4

What determines whether pain is experienced or not and where is it controlled

Answer 4

Gate theory of pain and is controlled at the spinal cord level

Question 5

What is the fate control theory of pain

Answer 5

Substantia gelatinosa contains interneurones which normally inhibit the output neuron
When a painful stimulus is felt the c fibres are triggered which increase stimulation to the output neurone and to another inhibitory neurone which disinhibits the inhibitory neurone on the substantia gelatinosa causing pain
The gate theory concerns the mediators of this pain. There in an ascending inhibition to the output neurones dependent upon cortical influences
And the stimulation of Abeta fibres but rubbing the area can stimulation the output neurone and also the inhibitory neurone to the output neurone decreasing the sensation of pain

Question 6

Tonic and physical inhibition means

Answer 6

Tonic - increases

Phasic - decreases

Question 7

What is hyperalgesia

Answer 7

Increased pain to normally painful stimulus

Question 8

What is allodynia

Answer 8

Pain to a normal non painful stimulus

Question 9

Facilitated wind up is

Answer 9

The increased frequency of output action potentials for a given frequency of 1ary stimulation - by synaptic plasticity

Question 10

Peripheral primary hyperalgesia

Answer 10

At the wound site
Inflammatory mediators reduce threshold of polymodal receptors
Protaglandins H+ K+