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Therapeutic Modalities > Pain > Flashcards

Pain Flashcards

1
Q

unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. provokes withdrawal response to prevent further injury

A

pain

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2
Q

immediately after the injury has occurred when tissue damage is involved. less than 6 months

A

acute pain

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3
Q

lasts longer than 6 months. persistent pain. continues after noxious stimuli is no longer there

A

chronic pain

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4
Q

perceived in an area that has little relation to the existing pathology

A

referred pain

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5
Q

irritation of nerves that cause pain radiating down the nerve path

A

radiating pain

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6
Q

pain associated with a sclerotome (segment of bone innervated by a spinal segment)

A

deep somatic pain

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7
Q

activated by light touch

A

Meissner’s corpuscles

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8
Q

respond to deep pressure

A

Pacinian corpuscles

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9
Q

respond to deep pressure, but more slowly than pacinian, and also are activated by hair follicle deflection

A

Merkel’s corpuscles

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10
Q

sensitive to touch, tension, and heat

A

Ruffini corpuscles

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11
Q

thermoreceptors that react to a decrease in temperature and light touch

A

Krause’s end bulbs

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12
Q

free nerve endings. Sensitive to extreme mechanical, thermal, or chemical energy. Respond to noxious stimuli

A

Nociceptors

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13
Q

transmit from periphery sensory receptors to the dorsal horn.

A

First order neurons

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14
Q

3 types of 1st order neurons

A

A-Delta
A-Beta
C-fibers

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15
Q

carry sensory info from spinal cord to the brain

A

second order neurons

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16
Q

sends info to the sensory cortex in the brain to transmit pain signals

A

third order neurons

17
Q

Largest motor nerves. Myelinated. N: skeletal mm fibers

A

A fibers

18
Q

responsible for muscular contractions that generates the force of the muscle

A

extrafusal fibers

19
Q

responsible for sensing changes in mm fiber length and rate of change in mm length. Inside mm itself

A

intrafusal fibers

20
Q

specialized sensory receptor that senses tension in the mm.

A

Golgi tendon organs GTO

21
Q

large, myelinated efferent nerve. N: extrafusal mm fibers

A

ALPHA motor

22
Q

smaller, myelinated efferent nerve. N: intrafusal mm fibers

A

GAMMA motor

23
Q

Very fast, myelinated afferent nerve. Divided into IA and IB fibers

A

A ALPHA

24
Q

carries info regarding mm change in length and the rate of that change

A

IA

25
Q

carries info regarding tension in the tendon, N: GTO

A

IB

26
Q

medium, myelinated afferent nerve. Fast touch and proprioception. Gate Control Theory

A

A BETA

27
Q

small, myelinated afferent nerves. 20% of pain transmitting fibers. Acute pain

A

A DELTA

28
Q

Slow, unmyelinated afferent nerve. Skin, mm, viscera. 80% of pain transmitting fibers. Chronic pain

A

C fibers

29
Q

causes depolarization of the post synaptic membrane through a neurotransmitter

A

excitatory stimulus

30
Q

causes hyperpoarization at the synapse

A

inhibitory stimulus

31
Q

neuron which transmits pain signals, cell body is in the dorsal root ganglia. causes release of substance p when stimulated

A

nociception

32
Q

initiates afferent impulses towards the spinal cord. transmitter between neurons at the dorsal horn.

A

substance p

33
Q

severity of pain sensation is determined by the balance of excitatory and inhibitory inputs to the T cells in the spinal cord. Stimulation blocks pain impulses

A

Gate Control Theory

34
Q

A BETA stimulation blocks A DELTA and C fiber impulses

A

Gate Control Theory

35
Q

chemical mediator that excites pain transmitting neurons in the dorsal horn of spinal cord

A

Substance P

36
Q

Endorphins help regulate pain in times of high emotional stress.

A

Endorphin Theory

Therapeutic Modalities (15 decks)

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