Pain

Question 1

What type of somatic information categorises pain?

Answer 1

Non-discriminative

Question 2

What are the 3 components of pain?

Answer 2

Sensory coding
Motivational/affective component (are there more important things to focus on?)
Cognitive/cultural components (has your brain learnt not to bother with it?)

Question 3

Why is pain a critical sensation?

Answer 3

It alerts us to things in the environment that can hurt our bodies

Question 4

What are pain receptors called?

Answer 4

Nociceptors

Question 5

Describe nociceptors

Answer 5

Non- (C fibres) or thinly-myelinated (Aδ fibres) and small, leading to slow transmission of information , because there is no evolutionary advantage to enlarging/myelinating for rare events

Question 6

What do nociceptors respond to?

Answer 6

The same stimuli as other cutaneous receptors but at levels outside the normal range, damaging levels eg. too hot or too cold

Question 7

When are the TRPV1/2 channels activated? And how does TRPV1 respond to spice?

Answer 7

> 43•c and >52•c
TRPV1 binds to capsaicin, allyl isothiocyanate, and allicin, and activation leads to a painful burning sensation

Question 8

Where are noxious stimuli transducer into electrical energy?

Answer 8

Peripheral free nerve endings terminals

Question 9

What are the 4 basic nociceptor classes?

Answer 9

Mechanical-sensitive
Polymodal
Mechanical-thermal sensitive
Temperature-sensitive

Question 10

Allodynia

Answer 10

Non-noxious (innocuous) stimuli now feel painful (eg pushing on a bruise)

Question 11

Hyperalgesia

Answer 11

Painful stimuli is more painful