Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Pain > Flashcards

Pain Flashcards

1
Q

Steroidal anti-inflammatory drug prototype

A

corticosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Steroidal anti-inflammatory MOA

A

Inhibit arachidonic acid synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

NSAIDS MOA

A

inhibit Cox 1 and 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cox 1 constituative means

A

always there

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cox 2 inducible means

A

get inflammation and get increase in Cox 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Undesirable effects of NSAIDS

A

GI irritation, bleeding ulcers, perforations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cox 2 inhibitor examples

A

celecoxib, rofecoxib, valdecoxib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Major indications for NSAIDS

A

inflammatory pain (RA, osteoarthrosis), post-traumatic or post-operative pain, HA, dysmenorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Acetaminophen MOA

A

distribues to CNS, weak inhibitor COX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which has less gastic distress NSAIDS or Tylenol?

A

tylenol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Undesirable effects of acetaminophen

A

liver damage with OD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Treatment of acetaminophen OD

A

N-acetylcysteine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Major indications for acetaminophen

A

HA, fever, osteoarthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Do you develop tolerance to constipation with morphine

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Is opioid withdrawal life-threatening?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some synthetic opioids?

A

meperdine, fentanyl, methadone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Meperidine properties

A
  1. has toxic metabolite that can build up and cause seizures
  2. fewer smooth muscle spasms than morphine
  3. no meiosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Fentanyl properties

A
  1. 80-100 x more potent than morphine
  2. fast onset, short duration
  3. available as duragesic patch
  4. available orally
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Opioid antagonist examples

A

naloxone, naltrexone, nalmefene

20
Q

Signs of opioid OD

A
  1. stuporous or coma
  2. decreased RR
  3. meiosis (pinpoint pupils)
  4. low body temp
  5. flacid skeletal muscles
21
Q

Migraine abortive treatments

A
  1. ergot alkaloids- ergotamine

2. Triptans (sumatriptan, naritryptan, zolpitriptan)

22
Q

What are triptans MOA

A

selective 5-HT1D agonist causing

  1. constricts intracranial vessels
  2. decreases inflammation
  3. decreases plasma extravasation
23
Q

Which drug is used for prophylactic treatment of migraines?

A

Amitriptyline

24
Q

Local anesthetics MOA

A

block Na channels

25
Q

Two classes of locals are

A
  1. amides (lidocaine)

2. esters (procaine)

26
Q

Local anesthetics are acids or bases?

A

weak bases

27
Q

What effect does pH have on locals?

A

have less effect in acidic environments such as infected areas

28
Q

Differential sensitivity of nerves to locals occur in these steps

A
  1. sensory- pain, heat/cold, touch, pressure
  2. autonomic
  3. Motor
29
Q

Recovery from local anesthetics occurs in these steps

A
  1. motor
  2. autonomic
  3. sensory
30
Q

Local anesthetics toxicity

A
  1. CNS reactions- low systemic levels cause insomnia and apprehension and high levels cause CNS depression, convulsions, resp depression
  2. CV- arrhythmias, decreased contraction, low BP, cardiovasular collapse
31
Q

Local anesthtic uses

A
  1. surface anesthesia
  2. infiltration anesthesia
  3. nerve block
  4. spinal anesthesia
  5. epidural anesthesia
32
Q

What are the ester locals?

A

procaine and tetracaine

33
Q

Most commonly used local

A

lidocaine

34
Q

What local causes methemoglobinemia (turns ppl blue)?

A

prilocaine

35
Q

What local has high CV toxicity?

A

bupivicaine- longest duration of action

DO NOT use in CV compromised patients

36
Q

Local used for dentistry

A

articaine

37
Q

Which local has lowest CV toxicity?

A

procaine

38
Q

What drugs treat Gout?

A
  1. colchicine
  2. allopurinol
  3. febuxostat
39
Q

Allopurinol MOA

A

inhibits xanthine oxidase

40
Q

Febuxostat MOA

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitor

41
Q

Why is Febuxostat superior to allopurinol?

A

does not require lower doses to those with renal problems

42
Q

Neuropathic pain descriptors

A

burning, shooting, stabbing, shock-like, tingling, numb

43
Q

Indications for use of antidepressants as analgesics

A
  1. migraine and tension HA
  2. postherpetic neuralgia
  3. diabetic neuropathy
  4. fibromyalgia
  5. post-stroke pain
44
Q

Specific anti-depressants used as analgesics

A
  1. amitriptyline
  2. desipramine
  3. nortipyline
  4. imipramine
  5. tramadol
  6. doxepin
45
Q

Indications for anti-convulsant as analgesics

A
  1. trigeminal neuralgia
  2. diabetic neuropathy
  3. post-herpetic neuralgia
46
Q

Anti-convulsants used as analgesics

A
  1. gabapentin

2. pregabalin

Pharmacology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions