Anit-infectives 2

Question 1

Enfuvirtide use, moa, adverse effect

Answer 1

use- derived from HIV envelope, used in patient with multi-drug resistant HIV

moa- HIV entry inhibitor, inhibits infection of CD4 cells, binds to receptors to HIV uses to enter cells

adverse effet- cyst development, skin hardening, peripheral neuropathy

Question 2

Amantadine and Rimantadine use, moa, adverse effects

Answer 2

use- influenza A
moa- prevent clatherin cage from being dismantled once virus is in the cell
adverse effect- ASA and tylenol decrease rimantadine plasma levels

Question 3

Acyclovir use, moa, adverse effects

Answer 3

use- decrease herpes viral shedding, pain, and lesions

moa- inhibits herpes virus replication by competitive inhibition and incorporates into DNA of virus so it cannot replicate—no nucleic acid synthesis

adverse effect- renal dysfunction and neurotoxicity

Question 4

Ganciclovir use, moa, adverse effect

Answer 4

use- CMV

moa- competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase so virus cannt replicate

adverse effect- myelosuppression, neutropenia, anemia, nephrotoxicity

Question 5

Cidofovir use, moa, adverse effect

Answer 5

use- ACV resistant HSV infections

moa- inhibits viral DNA polymerases more potently than celular DNA polymerases

Question 6

Nucleoside and Nucleotide RT inhibitors (NRTIs) use, moa, adverse effect

Answer 6

use- block HIV replication and infection of new cells, but cannot help cells that are already infected

moa- inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase, inhibit RNA synthesis so virus cannt replicate

adverse effect- toxicity, lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly, resistance

Question 7

Non-nucleic RT inhibitors (NNRTIs) use, moa, adverse effects

Answer 7

use- active against HIV reverse transcriptase only

moa- inhibit viral reverse transcriptase by changing the enzyme that causes enzyme activation

adverse effect- fatal hepatitis

Question 8

Protease inhibitors use, moa, adverse effects

Answer 8

use- used in multi-therapy of HIV

moa- inhibit HIV protease activity required for production of mature virus

adverse effect- fatal hepatoxicity, crystalluris and nephrolithiasis

Question 9

Oseltamivir and Zanamivir use, moa, adverse effects

Answer 9

use- influenza A and B

moa- inhibits influenza neuraminidase

adverse effect- gi distress, reduced bioavailability