Pager 2003

Question 1

research question

Answer 1

how does a criminal record affect jobs and how does race influence this factor

Question 2

method/data

Answer 2

experimental audit study: white application paired with black application to real jobs (one with criminal record one without)

Question 3

main findings

Answer 3

white no record -> most likely to be called back
black no record -> similar rate as white with record

Question 4

relevance to foundational concepts

Answer 4

stigma -> criminal records = negative credentials
racial inequality -> race compounds disadvantage of criminal record