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Question 1

secrete chemicals called hormones directly into the bloodstream, which carries them to organs in the body.

Answer 1

endocrine glands

Question 2

chemicals found in the synaptic vesicles that, when released, has an effect on the next cell, which causes the receiving cell to fire (excitatory) or stop firing (inhibitory).

Answer 2

neurotransmitters

Question 3

some neurotransmitters are

Answer 3

the acetylcholine (controls muscle contractions); serotonin (involved in mood, sleep, and appetite); norepinephrine (involved in arousal and mood); dopamine (involved in control of movement and pleasure); 
and endorphine (involved in pain relief)

Question 4

lies below the hypothalamus. although it is only the size of a pea, it is so central that is has been dubbed the master gland

Answer 4

pituitary gland

Question 5

could be considered the body’s accelerator. it produces thyroxin, which affects the body’s metabolism-the rate at which the body uses oxygen and produces energy

Answer 5

thyroid gland

Question 6

located above the kidneys have an outer layer or cortex and an inner core or medulla.

Answer 6

adrenal gland

Question 7

is regulated by the pituitary hormone acth. itsecretes hormones known as corticosteroids, or cortical steroids. these hormones regulate the heartbeat, increase resistance to stress, promote muscle development

Answer 7

adrenal cortex

Question 8

secretes the hormone melatonin, which helps regulate the sleep-wake cycle and may affect the onset of puberty. melatonin may also be connected with aging and it is a mild sedative and people use it as a sleeping pill and may also be used to adjust to jetlag

Answer 8

pineal gland

Question 9

a condition or existence resulting from the stimulation of one of the sense organs. when a stimulus impinges on a sense organ and the organism responds, it is said that the stimulus has been sense

Answer 9

sensation

Question 10

are the means by which information presented as one form of energy, for example, light, is converted to information in the form used by the nervous system, that is, impulses traveling along nerve fibers, are specialized form of neurons

Answer 10

receptors

Question 11

the process of converting outside stimuli (ex. sound) into neural activity.

Answer 11

transduction

Question 12

tendency of sensory receptor cells to become less responsive to a stimulus that is unchanging.

Answer 12

adaption

Question 13

tendency of the brain to stop attending to constant unchanging information

Answer 13

habituation

Question 14

s the lowest level of stimulation that a person can consciously detect. not until a sufficient change occurs in some aspects of a stimulus can the change be detected. the magnitude of the the change required is called the different threshold. under steady stimulation there is a decrease in sensitivity of the corresponding sense.

Answer 14

absolute threshold