Page 1 Flashcards
What are chromosomes composed of in eukaryotes?
DNA and proteins
What ensures genes retain their chemical makeup and physical position in eukaryotic cells?
Packaging of DNA
What type of proteins do eukaryotic chromosomes contain?
Histones
What forms when DNA coils around 8 histones?
Nucleosome
What is the term for the coiling of DNA that leads to its condensation?
Chromatin
What results from further condensation of chromatin?
Chromosomes
What is the structure of plasmids in prokaryotes?
Extra circular DNA
How are eukaryotic chromosomes structured?
Linear
What is the size and number of eukaryotic chromosomes?
Large and multiple
Where are eukaryotic chromosomes located?
Nucleus
What are the associated proteins in eukaryotic chromosomes?
Histones
How are prokaryotic chromosomes structured?
Circular
What is the size and number of prokaryotic chromosomes?
Small and single
Where are prokaryotic chromosomes located?
Cytoplasm
What type of proteins are associated with prokaryotic chromosomes?
Naked - no associated proteins
What happens to the condensation of DNA in eukaryotes?
More condensed as DNA is wrapped around histone proteins
What happens to the condensation of DNA in prokaryotes?
Less condensed as there are no histones
What are the consequences of improper packaging of DNA?
- DNA will not fit into the cell
- Loss of genetic information
- Cell can’t distribute DNA during cell division
- Daughter cells will not receive correct genetic information
True or False: Eukaryotic chromosomes are single and circular.
False
Fill in the blank: Eukaryotic chromosomes are located in the _______.
Nucleus
