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Biology Topic 9 > Page 1 > Flashcards

Page 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are chromosomes composed of in eukaryotes?

A

DNA and proteins

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2
Q

What ensures genes retain their chemical makeup and physical position in eukaryotic cells?

A

Packaging of DNA

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3
Q

What type of proteins do eukaryotic chromosomes contain?

A

Histones

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4
Q

What forms when DNA coils around 8 histones?

A

Nucleosome

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5
Q

What is the term for the coiling of DNA that leads to its condensation?

A

Chromatin

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6
Q

What results from further condensation of chromatin?

A

Chromosomes

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7
Q

What is the structure of plasmids in prokaryotes?

A

Extra circular DNA

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8
Q

How are eukaryotic chromosomes structured?

A

Linear

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9
Q

What is the size and number of eukaryotic chromosomes?

A

Large and multiple

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10
Q

Where are eukaryotic chromosomes located?

A

Nucleus

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11
Q

What are the associated proteins in eukaryotic chromosomes?

A

Histones

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12
Q

How are prokaryotic chromosomes structured?

A

Circular

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13
Q

What is the size and number of prokaryotic chromosomes?

A

Small and single

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14
Q

Where are prokaryotic chromosomes located?

A

Cytoplasm

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15
Q

What type of proteins are associated with prokaryotic chromosomes?

A

Naked - no associated proteins

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16
Q

What happens to the condensation of DNA in eukaryotes?

A

More condensed as DNA is wrapped around histone proteins

17
Q

What happens to the condensation of DNA in prokaryotes?

A

Less condensed as there are no histones

18
Q

What are the consequences of improper packaging of DNA?

A
  • DNA will not fit into the cell
  • Loss of genetic information
  • Cell can’t distribute DNA during cell division
  • Daughter cells will not receive correct genetic information
19
Q

True or False: Eukaryotic chromosomes are single and circular.

A

False

20
Q

Fill in the blank: Eukaryotic chromosomes are located in the _______.

A

Nucleus

Biology Topic 9 (4 decks)

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