paeds tutorials Flashcards
MIH can be classified by extent and colour
- Demarcated or diffuse
- Colour: brown, creamy, white, yellow
how to classify depth of MIH
- Less than a third of the tooth is affected = mild
- 2 surfaces affected e.g. MO = moderate
- > 2 surfaces = severe
PEB sign of more severe MIH
MIH is ?
- hypomineralisation of first permanant molars and incisors
- disturbance of enamel formation resulting in reduced mineral content
- enamel is not formed properly or the right colour - soft and discoloured
what causes MIH
- disturbance in tooth development
- multifactorial
- first year of life important
- childhood infections - measles mumps and rubella
- ask about antibitotics - can see if unwell when younger
- low birth weight
implications of asthma dentally
- asthma inhaler acidic - GORD risk
- decreased salivary flow =more hydration
- need to not induce attack in surgery
- Colophany free FV
- prevention of candida infections - spacer device
what findings common in patients with CLP
- tooth decay - due to shape and placement of teeth
- if cleft has gum then orthodontics
- delayed eruption
- supernumerary
- enamel defects
when do cleft patients undergo surgeries
- cleft lip repair 3-6 months
-cleft palate repaire 6-12 months - speech therapy after
-alveolar bone graft 8-10
how to classify CLP
LASHAL
what factor does haemophilia A affect
8
what factor does haemophilia B affect
9
what factor does von willibrands affect
all
management of extraction in haemophilia A patient
Mild - 6-40% = GDP
Moderate 2-5%. = Haemophilia unit/GDP
Severe - <1%. = Haemophilia unit
what is minimum coagulation factor needed for invasive procedure
50% - may go as low as 30%
local haemostatic measures after extraction
- LA with vasoconstrictor - helps haemostasis
- use the wand
- haemostatic measures - surgicel , resorbable sutures. fibrin glue, tranxemic acid on gauze
- soft splint
- via buccal infiltration, intra papillary or intra ligamentry
- not IDB - high haematoma risk
what are congenital cardiac defects
- Problems with the heart structure present at birth
- Cyanotic, acyonotic
what is VSD
- Abnormal hole in the spetum (wall) that divdes left and right ventricles of heart
- Abnormal blood flow
what features of VSD affect its severity
- Where the hole is
- How big the hole is
- How many holes there is
how is VSD managed
- Larger VSD need procedure to close over , diruetics or ace inhibitors
- Small – may close on own
what is infective endocarditis
- Infection of inner lining of heart – endocardium
- Bacteria entering bloodstream
- Can lead to severe complications
what patients are at risk of developing IE
- People with heart valve
- Congenital heart disease
- Damaged heart valves
- Had it before
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
what guidelines are used for IE management
-SDCEP
-NICE
oral manifestations of Down syndrome
- Delayed eruption of teeth
- Hypodontia
- Malocclusion
- Spacing
- Bruxism
- Maxillary hyperplasia
- Fissured tongue
- Tongue thrust – AOB
- Macroglassia – speech and mastication in way of treatment
- Small conical roots
risk factors for having a child with down syndrome
- Maternal age
- Paternal age
- Previous child with down syndrome
- Family history
- Carrier of chromosomal translocation
