Paeds Spina Bifida

Question 1

What is spina bifida

Answer 1

Developmental birth defect caused by incomplete closure of the neural tube

Question 2

What causes spina bifida

Answer 2

• genetics
• medication (anticonvulsants diabetes obesity increased body T)
• decreased folic acid during pregnancy ( you can prevent spina bifida by 75% by drinking folic acid supplements prior to conception

Question 3

Type 1 spina bifida Oculta

Answer 3

Closed - vertebra failed to close but there is no protrusion of the spinal cord and it’s membranes
No external sign
Child functions normally

Question 4

Type 2 Spina bifida cystica

Answer 4

Menigocele
The meninges en csf protrude through the vertibral column
Mylomenigocele
The meninges spinalcord and csf protrude the vertibral column

Question 5

What are the characteristics of type 2

Answer 5

Paralysis of lower limbs
Sensory deficits 
incontinance 
Deformities 
Hydrocephalus

Question 6

Spina bifida cystica/aperture meningocele

Answer 6

Protrusion of meninges and cerebrospinal fluid through the vertebral column

Question 7

Spina bifida cystica/aperta mylomeningocele

Answer 7

Protrusion of meninges CSF and spinal cord through the vertebral column

Question 8

Physiotheraputic principles for treatment of spina bifida

Answer 8

Prevent contractures, deformities and dislocation. 
Prevent pressure sores 
Strengthen 
Maximise mobility 
Maximise function and independence