Paeds book Flashcards
What’re the clinical features of Teralogy of Fallot?
Cyanosis (most common cause) - relived by squatting
Ejection systolic mumur
Anatomical features: Large VSD, Right ventricular outflow obsturction, Aorta over-riding the ventircular septum, right ventricular hypertrophy
3 weeks old. Ejection systolic mumur + hypertension, difficult to feal femoral pulses
Coarctiation of the aorta
CXR - ground glass appearance, respiratory distress + mecanical ventilation
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
<6 months old, fever, seizures. What should be investiagted for? What can be done on examination?
Meningitis
Buldging Fontanelle (indicates raised intracranial pressure)
5 month old wheeze, repiratory distress after a cold
Bronchiolitis
7 YO. Hepatosplenomegaly, non-blanching rash. Hb 7, platelet 30 x 10^9
Acute Leukaemia
5 y.o. Jaundice, anaemic, Hb 9 Jaundice as a baby
Spherocytosis
18 month old, eczma + fequently wheeze + loose stools despite changing from cows milk to soya
Food intolerence - Most children who have cows milk intolerence are also allergic to soya
Fever + seizure?
Meningitis or Encephalitis
Febrile convulsions are a diagnosis of exclusion!!
What’re the common causes of acute Seizure?
Febrile Convulsions
Epilepsy
Hypoglycaemia
Uncommon - meningitis / head injury / cerebral tumour
7 yo. limp and pain in hip and knee. Antalgic gait and Xray shows collapse of the femoral head
Perthes Disease
What causes Mumps?
Paramyxovirus
What causes Scarlet Fever?
Streprococcus Pyogenes
What is pertussis?
Whooping cough
What is Flucloxacillin given prophylactically for?
CF
What is Penicillin given prophylactically for?
Splenectomy - to prevent infections from capsulated bacteria
15 day old, born 30weeks. Formula fed. Abdo distension, bilious aspirate + AXR shows dilated loops of gas in the bowel wall
Crohn’s Disease
16 month old. Delayed milestones. Increased tone in all limbs + brisk reflexes. No abnormal movements
Spastic cerebral palsy
10 year old, hx of weakness in the legs, now involving upper limbs. Decreased tone, no reflexes
Guillian Barre syndrome
What is the immediate treatment plan for a child with croup with stridor?
Oral Dexathethasone
What congenital infection causes sensorineuronal loss?
Congenital Rubella
