Paeds Flashcards
What are the causes of precocious puberty
More common in females and is also more likely without underlying pathological cause. more worrysome in boys
What are the causes of delayed puberty?
Commonest form: constitutional delay
Low gonadotrophins:
chronic/systemic disease and starvation.
dysfuntional hypothalamopituitary axis caused by cranial tumour or hormone deficiency e.g kallmans
hypothyroidism.
High gonadotrophins:
steroid hormone enzyme deficinecies
gonadal damage
chromosomal abnormalities such as kleinfelters or turners.
What are the causes of failure to thrive?
INTAKE: poor suckling, ill health, lack of regular feeding, neglect, psychosocial deprivation.
RETENTION: gord/pyloric stenosis, vomiting
MALABSORPTION: coeliac, chrons, post NEC removal, cows milk protein allergy
UTILISATION: metablic disorders
REQUIREMENT: hyperthyroidism, cystic fibrosis, malignancy, chronic infection.
What are the causes of rickets
nutritional intake
and sun exposure more likely if dark skin or northern latitudes
malabsorption - phytic acid or coeliac or chrons
failure of anzymatic processing - liver or kidney disease
rare - vitamin d recepter mutations
What are the childhood complications of obesity
SUFE
hypoventilation syndrome
IDIOPATHIC CRANIAL HYPERTENSION (papillodema, headaches)
heart disease diabetes kidney disease arthritis psychological
What is the first thing you should do when suspecting NAI?
discuss with the child protection team.
How does hirschsrpungs disease present
delayed meconium abdominal distension reduced foecal motions may present with c dif or constipation in later weeks.
What are the most common symptoms of malaria and what are the less common symptoms
Fever Rigors(also in pyelonephritis/visceral abcess) myalgia flu like illness maybe some vomiting
rareer but possible COUGH DIARRHOEA CRAMPS DARK URINE
How much fluid do babies need?
approx 150ml/kg and 100-120colaries/kg
