Paediatrics Flashcards
Types of breast feeding positions:
- sidelying
- Laid back
- football hold
- cross cradle
- cradle
What can we do when a mother expresses difficulty or pain with breastfeeding?
refer them to a lactation consultant or ABA counselor
PANDA
alternative options for breastfeeding?
- express breast milk
- donor milk
- formula
Where is the lingual frenulum?
the cord that stretches fro under the tongue to the floor of the mouth
Tongue tie?
short, thick, tight or broad lingual frenulum
when does reflux peak?
4 months
only 5% still have symptoms at 12 months
Reflux treatment
- reduce quantity but increase frequency of feeds
- burp more often during feed
- raise cot so on a small angle
- milk thickeners
osteopathic treatment for reflux:
diaphragm ribs back tongue mouth vagus nerve
SSx of pyloric stenosis
2- 6 weeks
vomiting, weight loss/ poor weight gain
intussusception
- bowel telescopes on itself and fluids/food become blocked
- intense abdo pain - knees up to chest
- abdo swelling, vomiting bile
- blood and mucus in stool
Developmental dysplasia of the hip DDH
deformation or misalignment of hip joint
DDH demographic
4 times more common in girls
- breech position
- family history
colic?
severe pain in the abdomen caused by wind or obstruction in the intestines and suffered especially by babies
What roles can an osteopath assist with in infants who’ve had a frenectomy?
stretching: tongue and lips
how often should stretching of the lip and tongue occur following frenectomy?
stretch and massage area 6 times a day for 3 weeks
what are signs of DDH?
- assyeterical skin folds on the thighs or buttocks
- limited hip abduction
- leg length discrepancy
DDH?
abnormal development of the hip OR congenital dislocation of the hip, which is often
What is the Barlow manouver?
ortho test for DDH
- hip adduction with posterior force applied to the knee
What is the Ortolani manouver?
ortho test for DDH:
- hip abduction and traction
What SSx may inidcate osteo treatment for an infant?
- feeding difficulties
- unsettled/reflux
- tongue tie
- plagiocephaly
birth complications/interventions (mother)
plagiocephaly?
flat head syndrome: flattening of one side of the skull
What is an APGAR score?
a quick test performed on a baby at 1 and 5 minutes after birth, to monitor the baby’s health
what does APGAR stand for?
Appearance Pulse Grimace Activity Respiration
low APGAR score?
lower than 6
General observation of the baby involves checking?
skin colour skin spots hair spots palmar creases alertness
General examination of the baby involves?
observation head shape abdominal exam neuro exam primitive reflexes Hips (ortolanis/barlows) shoulders/arms
new born cranium bones?
2 x frontal
2 x parietal
1 x occipital
Sutures to examine on a babies cranium:
metopic:
coronal
sagittal
lambdoid
fontanelles to examine on a babies cranium:
anterior
posterior
sphenoidal
mastoid
