Paediatrics.

Question 1

If we find a child not breathing normally, what should we do?

Why?

Answer 1

give five rescue breaths

Then check for signs of life.

children are more likely to have respiratory arrests than cardio.

Question 2

What should we do if we find no signs of life in a child after 5 rescue breaths?

Answer 2

15:2 CPR and get resus team for ALS.

Question 3

What acronym do we use for kids under 1 resus?

What do the bits mean?

Answer 3

WET FLAG

Weight estimate
Energy of shocks
Tube size

Fluids
lorazepam dose for weight
adrenaline
glucose.

Question 4

What are the two categories of circulatory failure in kids?

Answer 4

fluid loss and fluid maldistribution

Question 5

What might cause fluid loss in kids, resulting in circulatory failure?

Answer 5

blood loss
gastroenteritis
burns

Question 6

What might cause fluid redistibution in kids, resulting in circulatory failure?

Answer 6

septic shock
cardiac disease
anaphylaxis

Question 7

What two categories can cause respiratory failure in kids?

Answer 7

resp distress

resp depression

Question 8

What might cause resp distress in kids, resulting in resp failure?

Answer 8

foreign body
croup
asthma

Question 9

What might cause resp depression in kids, resulting in resp failure?

Answer 9

convulsions
raised ICP
poisoning

Question 10

How do we assess kids effort of breathing?

Answer 10

rate, recession, accessory muscles, grunting, nasal flaring.

Question 11

How do we assess kids efficacy of breathing?

Answer 11

expansion, noises (inspiratory stridor – expiratory wheeze), sats and end organ effects e.g. consciousness level, pallor and tachycardia.

Question 12

How much fluids do we give children for C?

Answer 12

20ml/kg of 0.9% saline and then reassess.

Question 13

What is the blood volume in kids and what does this mean for resus?

Answer 13

20mls/kg = 25% of circulating volume. This is the point at which clinical shock is detected. Blood volume is 80ml/kg.