Paediatrics Flashcards
What is the perinatal stage?
22 weeks post conception until 1st postnatal week.
What is the neonatal stage?
first 4 weeks after birth
What is an infant?
child no more than 1 year old
School age?
6y to puberty (puberty for girls 10-14, boys 12-16)
“Paidos” (gr. meaning)
child
What happens with weight of a child post part?
Weight drops some. Reason to worry if more than 10%. Should also stabilize and come back to weight of birth inside a gap of ten days after birth.
Possible causes for excess loss of body weight after birth?
Problems with feeding the baby, infections, structural abnormalities (Hirschsprungs disease), metabolic disease.
Mean birth length?
50-51 cm.
Length at one year?
75cm.
Speech at one year?
1-3 words.
Speech at two years?
2-3 word phrases.
What is colic?
No-one really knows? Crying more than 3 hours pr day for more than 3 days a week for more than 3 weeks. “Wessels rule of 3”.
What is normal sleep for an infant?
2/3 af the day or up to 20 hrs.
What is normal sleep at one year?
15hrs
Which vitamin is absent in breast milk?
vit d
How long should a newborn be breastfed?
Exclusive breastfeeding until 6months. Total duration of one year or longer. Semi solid foods could be added from 4 months.
What are the effects on a babys health from breastfeeding?
Reduced risk of GI-infections, AOM, resp inf, SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome). Also thought to protect from DM 1 and 2, obesity, some forms of cancer.. Probably protective against Mb Chron.
Main antibody from breast milk?
secretory Ig-A.
Effects of breast feeding for the mother?
reduced risk of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, DM2, cardiovasc disease. Also: increased release of oxytocin –> relaxes the mother.
Absolute warning signs of psychomotor development
Reach at latest 5 months, sit at latest 9-10 months, walk at latest 18 months.
How to approximately calculate expected height of a child?
Parents combined heights in cm minus 13 cm / 2… Result +/- 10cm. Example: 180+185 - 13 = 342 / 2 = 171. 161-181..
What are the Tanner stages?
1-5. Stages of puberty..
