Paediatrics

Question 1

What is the perinatal stage?

Answer 1

22 weeks post conception until 1st postnatal week.

Question 2

What is the neonatal stage?

Answer 2

first 4 weeks after birth

Question 3

What is an infant?

Answer 3

child no more than 1 year old

Question 4

School age?

Answer 4

6y to puberty (puberty for girls 10-14, boys 12-16)

Question 5

“Paidos” (gr. meaning)

Answer 5

child

Question 6

What happens with weight of a child post part?

Answer 6

Weight drops some. Reason to worry if more than 10%. Should also stabilize and come back to weight of birth inside a gap of ten days after birth.

Question 7

Possible causes for excess loss of body weight after birth?

Answer 7

Problems with feeding the baby, infections, structural abnormalities (Hirschsprungs disease), metabolic disease.

Question 8

Mean birth length?

Answer 8

50-51 cm.

Question 9

Length at one year?

Answer 9

75cm.

Question 10

Speech at one year?

Answer 10

1-3 words.

Question 11

Speech at two years?

Answer 11

2-3 word phrases.

Question 12

What is colic?

Answer 12

No-one really knows? Crying more than 3 hours pr day for more than 3 days a week for more than 3 weeks. “Wessels rule of 3”.

Question 13

What is normal sleep for an infant?

Answer 13

2/3 af the day or up to 20 hrs.

Question 14

What is normal sleep at one year?

Answer 14

15hrs

Question 15

Which vitamin is absent in breast milk?

Answer 15

vit d

Question 16

How long should a newborn be breastfed?

Answer 16

Exclusive breastfeeding until 6months. Total duration of one year or longer. Semi solid foods could be added from 4 months.

Question 17

What are the effects on a babys health from breastfeeding?

Answer 17

Reduced risk of GI-infections, AOM, resp inf, SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome). Also thought to protect from DM 1 and 2, obesity, some forms of cancer.. Probably protective against Mb Chron.

Question 18

Main antibody from breast milk?

Answer 18

secretory Ig-A.

Question 19

Effects of breast feeding for the mother?

Answer 19

reduced risk of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, DM2, cardiovasc disease. Also: increased release of oxytocin –> relaxes the mother.

Question 20

Absolute warning signs of psychomotor development

Answer 20

Reach at latest 5 months, sit at latest 9-10 months, walk at latest 18 months.

Question 21

How to approximately calculate expected height of a child?

Answer 21

Parents combined heights in cm minus 13 cm / 2… Result +/- 10cm. Example: 180+185 - 13 = 342 / 2 = 171. 161-181..

Question 22

What are the Tanner stages?

Answer 22

1-5. Stages of puberty..