Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Phase 2a > Paediatrics 3A > Flashcards

Paediatrics 3A Flashcards

1
Q

Signs of respiratory distress in children?

A
  • Raised respiratory rate
  • Use ofaccessory musclesof breathing, such as thesternocleidomastoid,abdominal andintercostalmuscles
  • Intercostalandsubcostal recessions
  • Nasal flaring
  • Head bobbing
  • Tracheal tugging
  • Cyanosis(due to low oxygen saturation)
  • Abnormal airway noises
    • Wheeze - whistling sound caused by narrowed airways, typically heard during expiration
    • Grunting - caused by exhaling with the glottis partially closed to increase positive end-expiratory pressure
    • Stridor - high pitched inspiratory noise caused by obstruction of the upper airway, for example incroup
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Stridor vs wheeze?

A

Stridor - on inspiration (croup + acute epiglottitis)

Wheeze - on expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Vaccine given to babies with chronic lung disease of prematurity?

A

Palivizumab - to prevent RSV causing bronchiolitis

This involvesmonthly injectionsof amonoclonal antibody against the virus calledpalivizumab.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Coryzal symptoms?

A

Runny nose
Sneezing
Mucus in throat
Watery eyes

(signs of viral URTI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Features making viral induced wheeze more likely than ASTHMA?

A
  • Presenting before 3 years of age
  • No atopic history
  • Only occurs during viral infections
  • Not triggered by asthma triggers like cold, exercise, strong emotions, dust
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Presentation of viral induced wheeze?

A

Evidence of a viral illness for 1-2 days (fever, cough and coryzal symptoms) preceding the onset of:

  • Shortness of breath
  • Signs of respiratory distress
  • Expiratorywheezethroughout the chest
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Complications of mumps?

A
  • Pancreatitis (abdo pain)
  • Orchitis (testicular painand swelling)
  • Meningitis (confusion, neck stiffness, headache)
  • Sensorineural hearing loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Presentation of measles?

A
  • Incubation periodof10 days
  • Prodromal period (flu-like illness with conjunctivitis) with fever OVER 39
  • Koplik’s spots (RED in mouth; 1-2 days before rash)
  • RASH (spreads down from face)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Complications of measles?

A

Pneumonia
Diarrhoea
Dehydration
Encephalitis
Meningitis
Hearing loss
Vision loss
Death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Differential diagnoses for measles?

A

All of them have NO Koplik’s spots

  • Rubella
  • Parvovirus B19
  • HSV6 (roseala infantum)
  • Scarlet fever (strep)
  • May be early meningococcal disease (it later becomes purpuric
  • Kawasaki disease
  • EBV - infectious mononucleosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When is the MMR given?

A
  • 1 year
  • 3 years + 4 months
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What vaccines are given at 8 weeks (2 months)?

A
  • 6 in 1 (Hib, Hep B, diphtheria, tetanus, polio, pertussis)
  • Meningococcal B
  • Rotavirus (oral gel)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When is the 6-in-1 vaccine given?

A
  • 8 weeks (2 months)
  • 12 weeks (3 months)
  • 16 weeks (4 months)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What vaccines are given at 12 weeks (3 months)?

A
  • 6 in 1 (Hib, Hep B, diphtheria, tetanus, polio, pertussis)
  • Pneumococcal
  • Rotavirus (oral gel)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What vaccines are given at 16 weeks (4 months)?

A
  • 6 in 1 (Hib, Hep B, diphtheria, tetanus, polio, pertussis)
  • Meningococcal B
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What vaccines are given at 1 year?

A
  • 2-in-1 (haemophilus influenza type B and meningococcal type C)
  • Pneumococcal
  • MMR(measles, mumps and rubella)
  • Meningococcal type B
17
Q

When is the pneumococcal vaccine given?

A

12 weeks + 12 months

18
Q

What vaccines are given at 3 years + 4 months?

A
  • 4 in 1(diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and polio)
  • MMR vaccine(second dose)
19
Q

When is the flu vaccine given to children?

A

Annually from age 2 – 8

20
Q

When is the HPV vaccine given?

A

12-13 years
2 doses given 6-24 months apart

21
Q

What vaccines are given at 14 years?

A
  • 3 in 1(diphtheria, tetanus, polio)
  • Meningococcal ACWY
22
Q

Newborn blood spot screening test

A

Taken on day 5 (day 8 at the latest) after consent from the parent.

Heel prick - 4 drops onto screening card.

Sickle cell disease
Cystic fibrosis
Congenital hypothyroidism
Phenylketonuria
Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD)
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD)
Isovaleric acidaemia (IVA)
Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1)
Homocystin

Phase 2a (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions