Paediatrics Flashcards
Why is lumbar puncture contraindicated in meningococcal septicaemia
Higher risk of raised ICP
In Perth’s disease, when is surgical management opted for?
If they are over age of 6 years old, otherwise you observe as it tends to improve by itself
Most common complication of scarlet fever?
Otitis media
When can oral or nasal sumatriptan be used?
Sumatriptan nasal spray is only licensed in children >12 years of age. Oral sumatriptan is not licensed in people <18 years
When would bacterial conjunctivitis warrant same day referral to ophthalmology in paeds? What are the likely organisms in this case?
If Ophthalmia neonatorum, defined as conjunctivitis under 30 days old
Responsible organisms include Chlamydia trachomatis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae
What nebulised medication is given alongside dexamethasone for croup in severe cases
Nebulised adrenaline with high flow oxygen
Single dose of dexamethasone is always given in croup regardless of severity
What are undescended testes associated with an increased risk of?
infertility, torsion and testicular cancer
Outline treatment regime for pertussis (whooping cough)
Whooping cough - azithromycin or clarithromycin if the onset of cough is within the previous 21 days
If presenting after 21 days then symptomatic management rather than antibiotic treatment
What are the main differences in paediatric BLS of cardiac arrest?
Start with 5 rescue breaths if no breathing on presentation
Ratio is 15:2
Outline the treatment options for GORD in infancy
NICE advise that breastfed infants who have persisting symptoms of frequent regurgitation associated with marked distress should be given a 1-2 week trial of alginate therapy (eg. Gaviscon) following every feed.
If symptoms persist following this then a 4-week trial of a proton pump inhibitor (such as oral omeprazole) or a histamine-2 receptor antagonist (such as oral famotidine) should be given.
If symptoms still persist despite this then a referral to paediatrics should be considered.
Thickened feeds should be given to bottle-fed infants with reflux.
Most common cause of hip pain in children? It usually follows what?
Transient synovitis
Usually follows a viral infection
What complication is looked for in Kawasaki disease via echo?
Coronary artery aneurysm
What is the fist-line treatment for Kawasaki disease?
High-dose Aspirin
Define precocious puberty for both genders
Precocious puberty is the development of secondary sexual characteristics before 8 years in girls and 9 years in boys
What is the age cut off for nocturnal enuresis?
5 years
