PAEDIATRICS Flashcards

1
Q

When are capillary blood gases indicated in Paediatrics?

A

CBG - provide info pH and CO2 and less about O2

  • ?sepsis
  • SOB/asthma/viral wheeze
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2
Q

When are urine dips indicated in paediatrics?

A

usually in suspected UTI

can do if pyrexial with no known cause

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3
Q

When is heel prick used/indicated?

A
  • routine bloods (usually under 1ml)
  • metabolic and genetic screening
  • glucose and lactate analysis
  • newborn blood spot screening
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4
Q

Paediatric sepsis investigations?

A

blood gas for lactacte levels
blood culture
FBC, CRP, U&E, creatinine and clotting screen

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5
Q

Acute limp Investigations?

A

CRP, FBC and ESR
site of pain - radiograph/XR
if ?septic joint = aspirate
US - identifies effusion

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6
Q

Bronchiolitis Investigations?

A

usually a clinical diagnosis
measuring saturations is important

  • ?can do throat swab - to identify viral organism
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7
Q

Febrile seizure Investigations?

A
  • LP = ?meningitis/encephalitis
  • viral studies = ?encephalitis
  • BC - bacteremia
  • EEG
  • Brain MRI
  • Na+ - ?hyponatremia
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8
Q

UTI investigations?

A

Urine dip - usually nitriles, leukocytes and MC&S

If recurrent - USS/DMSA - used to assess for damage

MCUG - atypical/recurrent UTIs in <6month

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9
Q

Post-strep GN Ix?

A

throat swab

ASO titre

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10
Q

IgA nephropathy Ix?

A

renal biopsy - IgA deposits

Glomerular Mesangial Proliferation

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11
Q

Investigations for haemolytic uraemic syndrome?

A

bloods

  • FBC = anaemia, thrombocytopenia and fragmented Blood film
  • U&E - AKI, high Cr/urea, low GFR

stool culture - shiga toxin

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12
Q

Investigations in suspected DKA?

A

BM >11.1mmol/L
Ketone levels
Acidosis - CBG

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13
Q

T1DM Investigations?

A

baseline bloods - FBC, U+ES, Blood glucose

Insulin/Anti-GAD Abs

TFTS/TPO - rule out any autoimmune thyroid disease

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14
Q

Addison’s Disease Investigations?

A

U&Es = hypoNa+ , HyperK+

cortisol, aldosterone, renin levels

BM - may show hypoglycemia

Confirm diagnosis with Short synacthen test

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15
Q

Investigations in Neonatal Jaundice?

A

primary care
- transcutaneous bilirubin measurements

2° care

  • FBC, Blood film/group, LFTs, G6PD, a1-antitrypsin
  • Coombs test
  • Bloods/CSF/urine - MC&S
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16
Q

Hirschsprung’s disease Ix?

A

Abdo XR = intestinal obstruction

Rectal biopsy = absence of ganglionic cells