Paediatric Immunisation Programme

Question 1

What immunisations are in the 8 week imms? (4)

Answer 1

6 in 1 DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB - diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough (pertussis), polio, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Hepatitis B

Pneumococcal vaccine (13 serotypes)

Rotavirus vaccine

Meningitis B

Question 2

Part of the body for 8 week imms?

Answer 2

In Thigh (Men B in Left Thigh)
Rotavirus vaccine – by mouth

Question 3

What immunisations are in the 12 weeks imms? (2)

Answer 3

6-in-1: DTaP / IPV / Hib/HepB (2nd dose)
Rotavirus vaccine (2nd dose) – by mouth

Question 4

Part of the body for 12 weeks imms?

Answer 4

6 in 1 - into thigh

Rotavirus in mouth

Question 5

What immunisations are in the 16 weeks imms? (3)

Answer 5

6-in-1: DTaP / IPV / Hib /HepB (3rd dose)

Pneumococcal PCV vaccine (2nd dose)

Meningitis B vaccine (2nd dose)

Question 6

Part of the body for 16 weeks imms?

Answer 6

In Thigh (Men B in Left Thigh)

Question 7

What immunisations are in the 12 months imms? (4)

Answer 7

Hib/Men C booster – single jab containing Hib (4th dose) & Men C

MMR – measles, mumps & rubella (single jab)

Pneumococcal PCV vaccine (3rd dose)

Meningitis B vaccine (3rd dose)

Question 8

Part of the body for 12-13 months imms?

Answer 8

Upper Arm/Thigh (Men B in Left Thigh)

Question 9

What immunisations between 2-8 years imms? (1)

Answer 9

Flu vaccine (annual)
Live attenuated

Question 10

Part of the body for between 2-7 years imms?

Answer 10

Both Nostrils

Question 11

What immunisations are in the 3 year & 4 months imms? (2)

Answer 11

DTaP/ IPV (pre-school booster) – diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough (pertussis) & polio

MMR – measles, mumps & rubella (2nd dose)

Question 12

Part of the body for 3 year & 4 months imms?

Answer 12

In Upper Arm

Question 13

What immunisations are in the girls aged 12/13 imms? (1)

Answer 13

HPV vaccine (human papillomavirus) – two jabs are given 12 months apart

Question 14

Part of the body the girls aged 12/13 imms?

Answer 14

In Upper Arm

Question 15

What immunisations are in 13-15 years imms? (2)

Answer 15

Meningitis ACWY vaccine – single jab containing vaccines against meningitis A,C,W and Y

3-in-1 Teenage Booster: Td/IPV – Tetanus, diphtheria, polio

Question 16

Part of the body the 13-15 imms?

Answer 16

In Upper Arm

Question 17

Explanation of why immunisations are important?

Answer 17

• Vaccinations help protect children from serious disease and also provide protection for society as a whole (herd immunity).
• Programme is very safe, and almost all babies will have them
• To protect your child from harm, and the community as a whole
• Dramatically lowers the risk of them catching the illness which could be extremely harmful to them both in the short and long-term
• By stopping the disease developing in your child, we also stop your child being able to spread the disease, so it can be considered a public health benefit too
• The aim is to immunize enough people that we can stop the disease completely – this happened with smallpox in some countries
• Check understanding
• “Does everything I’ve said so far make sense?”
• “Do you have any questions?”

Question 18

What to expect on vaccine day?

Answer 18

• The nurse will ask a few questions about how baby is – whether they have been unwell recently, started on any new medication, had any new diagnoses or any allergic reactions
• This is to make sure it is suitable to give the vaccination
• The vaccination will be given as an injection, usually in the thigh (can be given in the upper arm of children older than 1 year)

Question 19

What are the normal reactions in immunisations?

Answer 19

• Normal for baby to be a bit upset by the injection and cry at the time
• You may find they are a little more irritable for 48 hours afterwards, and may have a bit of a temperature
• If this occurs there are a few things you can do to help – ensure baby keeps up their fluids, and you can give Calpol
• In about 1 in 10 children, the place of injection can be a bit red and sore for a day or so – this again is relieved by Calpol, some reassurance and a cold compress may help

Question 20

More extreme reactions to immunisations?

Answer 20

• If there is a large swelling at the site of injection, or you notice any rashes or swelling elsewhere (especially around the lips and mouth) it is important to contact the doctor urgently
• Very occasionally, a child may have an adverse reaction to the vaccine and may have a temperature that does not respond to Calpol or a seizure
• If this happens contact the hospital
• Complications of vaccines are very rare (less than 1 in 1000, and anaphylaxis in less than 1 in 500,000)
• Complications of the diseases which we are vaccinating against are more common and often more serious, and that is why we feel it is for the best to immunize children

Question 21

Contraindications of vaccines?

Answer 21

• Immunocompromised
• Current pyrexia
• Pregnancy

Question 22

MMR causes autism??

Answer 22

• There was a piece of research published a number of years ago, claiming a link between MMR and autism
• Since its release it has been discredited – the research was on a very small group of individuals and the outcomes were biased by several factors
• The research has since been withdrawn and the researchers have been struck off
• Giving the MMR as one injection rather than 3 separate ones is shown to be just as safe, and arguably gives baby less pain to go through

Question 23

Summary to do in immunisations?

Answer 23

o Just to summarise – with your consent, your child will have ….vaccination(s)
o The reason for vaccination is both to benefit baby and reduce any potential harm to them, as well as in the interest of public health and reduction of spread of disease.
o Vaccinations are safe, but may have some minor side-effects including a slight fever and some irritability; this can usually be managed with Calpol and some reassurance
o If baby has a more severe reaction or there is anything you are worried about, we advise you to contact a doctor straight away.”

Question 24

What to offer to patient in vaccine explanation?

Answer 24

• Offer an information leaflet on the relevant vaccinations

- Arrange follow-up/schedule vaccination appointments

Question 25

Which vaccine is most likely to cause febrile convulsions?

Answer 25

MenB

Question 26

When should premature babies get their vaccinations?

Answer 26

At chronological age