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Paediatrics > Paediatric Hepatology > Flashcards

Paediatric Hepatology Flashcards

1
Q

What is “early jaundice”?

A

Jaundice <24hrs after birth

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2
Q

What is the cause of early jaundice?

A

ALWAYS PATHOLOGICAL and unconjugated

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3
Q

DDx early jaundice?

A

Sepsis
Haemolysis
- G6PD
- HS

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4
Q

Ix early jaundice?

A 
Bilirubin levels 
Urine
Blood culture
ToRCH (CP)
Blood film
G6PD assay
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5
Q

Management of early jaundice?

A

Fluids
plasma exchange
Immunoglobulin

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6
Q

Intermediate jaundice?

A

Unconjugated jaundice 24hrs - 2 weeks post birth

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7
Q

Causes intermediate jaundice?

A

Pathology/physiological

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8
Q

Main physiological jaundice of intermediate jaundice?

A

Breast milk jaundice

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9
Q

Pathological intermediate jaundice?

A 
Sepsis
Haemolysis
Crigler-najjar
Gilberts
Polycythaemia
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10
Q

Investigation intermediate jaundice?

A 
Bilirubinometer
Urine
Sepsis screen
Blood film 
G6PD assay
Blood group
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11
Q

Management intermediate jaundice?

A

Hydration
Phototherapy
Plasma exchange

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12
Q

What is a dangerous complication of prolonged jaundice of the newborn?

A

Kernicterus

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13
Q

What is prolonged jaundice?

A

Jaundice >2wks

Unconjugated and conjugated

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14
Q

What can be done to differentiate between conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin?

A

Stool colour

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15
Q

Unconjugated prolonged causes?

A

Breast milk

Hypothyroidism

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16
Q

Conjugated causes?

A

Post hepatic

  • Biliary tree
  • > obstruction
  • > atresia

Choledochal cyst

17
Q

Mixed conjugation causes?

A

Hereditary haemochromatosis
Alpha 1 antitripsin
Neonatal hepatitis

18
Q

What are patterns of biliary atresia?

A

Yellow skin
Pale stool
Brown urine

19
Q

Patterns of choledochal cyst?

A

Yellow skin

Dark stool

20
Q

What is a choledochal cyst?

A

Dilatation of the bile duct

21
Q

Investigation for prolonged jaundice?

A

Split bilirubin test

- Conjugated vs unconjugated

22
Q

Tests if found to be unconjugated?

A

Hypothyroidism

23
Q

Tests if found to be conjugated?

A

USS

Liver biopsy

24
Q

Tests if mixed?

A

Alpha 1 antitrypsin

25
Q

Management of prolonged?

A

Stop breastfeeding

surgery
- Biliary atresia

Final line = transplant

Paediatrics (8 decks)

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