Paediatric Global Health Flashcards
what is the correct terminology
low/middle/high income countries
what is the neonatal mortality rate?
probability of a child born in a specific year dying before they reach 28 days after live birth.
what are the top 5 causes of under 5 mortality globally?
preterm birth complications pneumonia intra-partum related complications diarrhoea neonatal sepsis
what are the 5 causes of under 5 mortality in Africa?
diarrhoea pneumonia malaria preterm birth complications intrapartum- related complications
what preventions are there for pneumonia
vaccinations
breastfeeding then complimentary nutrition
good hygiene
what is ORS?
sodium-glucose co-transport system that pulls water directly into the jejunem and avoid IV fluids.
what is termed long term survivor for a child born with HIV
longer than 8 years
in what way can we prevent mother to baby transmission of HIV
maternal lifelong antiretroviral treatment
screen for and treat STD
infant porphylaxis for 6 weeks
how does HIV present in children?
the great mimic
persistent and recurrent common conditions (candida, diarrhoea, lymphyadenopathy, fever, encephalopathy…etc)
when are diagnostic tests completed?
<18 months (virological PCR for D/RNA)
>18 months (serological rapid antibody test)
what does NRTI stand for?
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
how do you treat HIV kids?
two NRTI’s plus Non-NRTI (>3yrs) or protease inhibitor (<3yrs)
how do you treat TB?
RIPE2
RI4
(rifampicin, isonazide, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
what cause malaria?
plasmodium parasite from female anopheles mosquito
how does malaria present?
fever
pallor
non-specific malaise
