Normal & Abnormal Growth Flashcards
what is normal growth?
normal is of their measurements and rate of growth are within the normal ranges of children their age.
over the past 30 years what has happened to the weight and height trends?
moved to the right
heavier and taller averages.
what is a z-score?
numerical measurements of a value in relation to the mean.
at what age can clothes be included in a weight measurements?
2 years
when you should measure length?
before 2 years if concerned
what are gonadotrophins?
name two.
they are hormones excreted by the anterior pituitary that control the ovaries and testes development and secretion.
FSH, LH.
what is precocious puberty?
puberty starting at an abnormally early age (girls <8y/o and boys <9y/o)
average age of puberty for girls and boys?
girls - 11 yrs
boys - 11yrs 6 months
how does puberty start?
the GnRH hormone production is increased and triggers the release of LH to a sufficient level that results in the secondary sexual development.
what does LH do in boys?
stimulates the Leydig cells to produce testosterone stimulating secondary sexual development (spermatogenesis)
what does LH do in girls?
stimulates the proliferation of follicular and thecal cells.
what is pubertal delay?
the absence of secondary sexual development in a girl aged 13 or boy aged 14
define thelarche
breast budding
define adrenarche
body hair and odour
define menarche
periods start (usually 2 years post thelarche)
