Paediatric Development

Question 1

What are the milestones for 6 weeks?

Answer 1

Gross: Head raise on tummy, head stable on sitting
Fine: Tracks objects
Language: Startles at loud noise
Social: Smiles

Question 2

What are milestones for 3 months

Answer 2

Gross: No head lag on pulling
Fine: Reaches for objects
Social: Laughs, enjoys friendly handling

Question 3

6 months milestones

Answer 3

Gross: Unsupported sitting
Fine: Palmar grasp, hand transfer
Language: Turns head to name
Social: Hands on bottle

Question 4

9 month milestones

Answer 4

Gross: Stands holding on
Fine: Early pincer grip, points
Language: Responds to own name

Question 5

12-15 month milestones

Answer 5

Gross: Walks alone (up to 18 months)
Fine: 2 bricks
Language: Noun understanding, 3 words
Social: Waves bye bye, drinks from cup

Question 6

18 month milestones

Answer 6

Gross: Runs, Squats
Fine: Draws back and forth
Language: 1-6 words
Social: Imitates daily activities

Question 7

2 year milestones

Answer 7

Gross: Runs, tiptoes, walks up 1 stair
Fine: Draws vertical lines, 6 block tower
Language: verbs, 50 words, join two words together
Social: Spoon use

Question 8

3 year milestones

Answer 8

Gross: Alternative feet for hopping, climbing stairs, cycling
Fine: Circles, 9 blocks, single cuts, beads
Language: negatives, adjectives, colours, counts to 10
Social: Share toys, plays without parents, fork and spoon

Question 9

4 year milestone

Answer 9

Gross: Walks upstairs, downstairs
Fine: Draws cross, 12 blocks, cuts paper, small beads
Language: two step instructions, narrative speech
Social: Empathy for others

Question 10

5 years

Answer 10

Draws squares and triangles

Question 11

Tall, no puberty, small testes, infertile, gynaecomastia indicates which paeds condition?

Answer 11

Klinefelter’s syndrome

Question 12

What is the underlying genetic pathology for Klinefelter’s

Answer 12

47 XXY

Question 13

No period, groin swellings, some breast development indicates which paeds condition?

Answer 13

Androgen insensitivity syndrome

Question 14

What genetic pathology is AIP?

Answer 14

X-linked recessive
Causes testosterone resistance

Question 15

Turner’s vs Fragile X syndrome for
Appearance
Repro changes
Cardiac
Other

Answer 15

Turner’s // Fragile X
Webbed neck, wide chest // low ears, thin face, high palate
No periods // Large testicles
Bicuspid valve, coarctation // Mitral valve prolapse
Horseshoe kidney // Autism

Question 16

What are the LH/FSH readings for
Klinefelter’s
Kallman’s
AIP
Testosterone tumour

Answer 16

Kline: Low/high
Kall: Low/Low
AIP: high, high
Tumour: Low/ high

Question 17

Small head and eyes, cleft palate, extra digits, scalp lesions

Answer 17

Patau syndrome
trisomy 13

Question 18

Small jaw, low ears, overlapped fingers, rocker bottom feet

Answer 18

Edward’s syndrome
Trisomy 18

Question 19

Large head and ears, long face, large testicles, learning difficulties

Answer 19

Fragile X

Question 20

Webbed neck, pectus excavatum, short stature, pulmonary stenosis

Answer 20

Noonan syndrome

Question 21

Small jaw, displaced tongue, cleft palate

Answer 21

Pierre-Robin syndrome

Question 22

Hypotonia, hypogonadism, obesity

Answer 22

Prader-Willi Syndrome

Question 23

Short stature, Learning difficulties, Friendly, neonatal hypercalcaemia, aortic stenosis

Answer 23

William’s syndrome