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MBChB Finals > Gynae Cancers > Flashcards

Gynae Cancers Flashcards

1
Q

How do the cancers present in terms of pain

A

Endometrial painless

Rest painful

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2
Q

How do the cancers compare in terms of bleeding

A

Endo: Post-menopausal
Ovarian: None
Cervical: Intermenstrual, postcoital, post-menopausal
Vulval: Bleeds

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3
Q

Early fullness and diarrhoea is most associated with which cancer?

A

Ovarian

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4
Q

Who gets urgent referral for endometrial cancer?

A

PMB > 12 months after last period

US if >55yrs with unexplained discharge or haematuria

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5
Q

Who gets urgent referral for ovarian cancer?

A

Ascites/mass/raised CA-125 (if symptoms)

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6
Q

Who gets urgent referral for cervical cancer?

A

Changes on colposcopy

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7
Q

Who gets urgent referral for vulval cancer?

A

Where suspected

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8
Q

What is the first line and gold standard investigation for endometrial cancer?

A

1st: TVUS
GS: Hysteroscopy with biopsy

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9
Q

What is the first line and gold standard investigation for Ovarian cancer?

A

1st: US
GS: Diagnostic laparotomy

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10
Q

What is the first line and gold standard investigation for cervical cancer?

A

Punch biopsy is both

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11
Q

Where is LLETZ used in cervical cancer?

A

Where CIN is found on colposcopy

NOT used for cervical cancer as can cause bleeding

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12
Q

Endometrial and ovarian cancers cause
x menarche
y menopause
z parity

A

Early menarche
Late menopause
Nulliparity

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13
Q

Which cancer is associated with high parity?

A

Cervical

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14
Q

Unopposed oestrogen is most associated with which cancer?

A

Endometrial

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15
Q

Which cancer is associated with the BRCA genes?

A

Ovarian

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16
Q

How do you treat endometrial cancer if it is
Localised
High risk
Unsuitable for surgery

A

Local: Hysterectomy + bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy
High risk: surgery + adjuvant radiotherapy
Unsuitable: Progesterone therapy

17
Q

How is cervical cancer treated if its
Local (IA/B)
Cervix-pelvic wall (II-III)
Beyond pelvis

A

Local: Hysterectomy + node clearance
Cervix-pelvis wall: Radio + chemo
Beyond pelvis: Radiation and chemo

18
Q

What should be done if multifocal cysts are found on US?

A

Biopsied

Check for ovarian cancer

19
Q

What ages and intervals should cervical smears be offered?

A

25-49: every 3 years

50-64: Every 5 years

20
Q

hrHPV -ve

A

Normal recall

21
Q

hrHPV +ve

A

Cytology

22
Q

Cytology -ve

A

repeat in 12 months

23
Q

12 month repeat HPV +ve but cyto -ve

A

Repeat in another 12 months

24
Q

24 month repeat -ve

A

Normal recall

25
Q

24 month repeat +ve

A

Colposcopy

26
Q

Inadequate sample

A

Repeat 3 months

27
Q

3 month sample repeat inadequate

A

Colposcopy

MBChB Finals (31 decks)

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