Paediatric Flashcards
Eczema herpeticum
Sx
Seen > in atopic/asthma
Monomorphic widespread VIRAL infection commonly herpes
Nephrotic syndrome
Hypoalbuminemia
Hypercholesterolemia
Oedema
General approach for hematuria
Dipstick»Urinalysis»urine culture»rft»asotcomplement»USG
All based on initial result, mngt differ according to the scenario
Transient Tachypnea of Newborn
•Early onset, delayed fluid clearance from lung,lasts 4-6hrs
Features of resp distress, grunting, nasal flaring, ICR,SCR
•Improvement with O2 support
TTN vs RDS
RDS worsen after 48-72hrs
Due to surfactant deficiency
Bed wetting
Age
Daytime Continence acquired by 3 yrs old
Night time Continence by 6 yrs old
SVT (narrow complex) with stable hemodynamic status
Age wise
<6mth: face immersion in cold water
>6 mth : icepack applied on the face
School aged: blow the thumb 10-15sec/ syringe after full inspiration ( child must look strained)
Valsalva fails: IV adenosine
SVT in shock
Synchronised DC cardioversion
Wide complex tachycardia
Aka SVT with aberrancy
IV amiodarone
Acute mastoiditis
•Complication of acute otitis media
•post auricular swelling and redness
• initial step: culture swab
• commence abx : flucloxacillin + 3rd gen cephalosporin
Next step after abx in acute mastoiditis
CT scan
Hearing assessment during convalescent period
Cut-off for overweight and obesity
WHO
85th-96th centile
>97th centile
Neck mass approach (if lymphadenopathy)
Watchful waiting 6 weeks if reactive lymph node
+ red flags need prompt action
If no red flags : FNAC
Painful limbs , bilateral,> at night, but gait is normal and no tenderness elicited by movement
Growing pains
Acute epiglottitis
Acute,sudden onset sore throat, dysphagia,drooling of saliva, tripod posture, expiratory stridor
Acute epiglottitis airway mngt
Severe:Bag mask ventilation 100% O2
Endotracheal intubation (smaller tube)
If fail: surgical cricothyroidotomy
For child < 8 yrs: needle cricothyrotomy
Lymphadenopathy
Anterior vs posterior ∆
Anterior: USG
Posterior: FNAC
Look into other associated factors as well
Perthes disease
Idiopathic AVN femoral head
4-10 yrs old
Hip pain radiating to knee, painless limp
Limited IR & Abduction
Xray serial
Scottish Rite brace initial Rx
If fails—- osteotomy
Acute rheumatic fever
∆
2 major / 1 major+ 2 minor
+
Presence of GAS
SPECS
FEP
Major: Polyarthritis, Erythema marginatum, Sydenham chorea, Subcutaneous nodule,Carditis
Minor: fever, ESR>30, PR interval prolonged
Recurrent ARF criteria
2 major or 1 major + 2 minor or 3 minor
+
GAS infection
Vulvovaginitis in child
FB (MCC) : blood with foul smelling
Threadworm: a/w itchiness
Sexual abuse
Thyroglossal duct cyst
Most common complications
By order:
1. Infection
2. Malignancy
Enuresis ( after age of 6)
Initial test: urinalysis and USG
Enuresis alarm
Vasopressin
TCA