pack 3 Flashcards
How does a protein get to the nucleus?
Protein has nuclear localization signal (ticket)
Protein with NLS binds to importin (Nucleur import receptor NIR)
Importin takes is through the nuclear pore
Ran-GTP binds to importin which releases the protein inside the nucleus
Ran-GTP bound to importin leaves the nucleus
Ran-GTP hydrolizes to Ran-GDP which releases the importin outside the nucleus
How do proteins get translocated into the mitochondria? Where do those proteins get synthesized? Does it require ATP?
Synthesized: In free ribosomes in cytosol
The protein binds to receptors on the mitochondria, TOM takes it through the outer membrane, while TIM takes it through the inner membrane
Requires ATP
How do proteins get translocated into the mitochondria in more detail?
Protein that is bound to HSP70 inserts its signal to receptor of TOM
TOM takes it inside the outer membrane, atp is hydrolized to remove HSP70
Protein binds to TIM and electrical gradient pulls it inside.
The protein binds to HSP70 again and uses ATP to pull the rest of the protein inside.
What phosphorylates mannose in lysosomal proteins in the golgi?
N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase.
(its diff bc its not norm to have lyse)
What happens in I-cell disease/ muculipidosis type II?
Waste material builds up inside the cell due to N-acytlglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase not working, which sends the enzymes responsible for breaking down the waste products outside the cell instead.
What is Constitutive Secretion and Regulated Secretion?
Constitutive: Vesicles continuously release material from the cell
Regulated: Vesicles hold on to the material until proper stimulis to release it.
What is the signal sequence for import of proteins inside peroxisomes?
syr-lys-leu
Where is the signal for import to peroxisomes attached?
At c terminis
What is the peroxin that carries the protein inside the perioxomes?
Pex5
(bc wm lv cx5)
What is zellweger syndrome?
mutation in Pex2
