pacific islanders

Question 1

General background information

Answer 1

• population: 1=hawaiians, 2= samoans, 3=chamorros (guam)
• pls have been influenced by many different cultures
• main areas: melanesia, micronesia, polynesia

Question 2

In the U.S.,

Answer 2

-the native hawaiian and other pacific islander group has grown
-race alone: 9.3%
-race alone or in combo: 139.5%
-AAPIs comprise 4% of the total U.S. population
-expected to reach 10% of the population by 2050
-unfortunately, some
PIs such as Samoans in the U.S experience abject poverty

Question 3

cultural customs and courtesies

Answer 3

• hospitality, generosity, and sharing are very important

- attitudes toward life are relaxed

Question 4

education

Answer 4

• oral learning
• rote memorization; ch are taught to conform, no be individualistic and creative
• things done in groups; not individually
• resources like books are challenging to come by

Question 5

california educator

Answer 5

• significant numbers of students formatting, fiji, and the solomon islands who struggle
• many – first in their families to attend college

Question 6

in the fijian village of natawadawadi

Answer 6

• no electricity or running water
• in junior high- boarding school in nadi
• ch swim to school

Question 7

educational style

Answer 7

• very relaxed

- some guam schools closed because of high teacher abesenteeism

Question 8

Denise: former student

Answer 8

• teachers came if felt like it

- “what would you like to do today?”

Question 9

school in

Answer 9

• u.s. –> major adjustment
• high drop out rate of islander students in U.S.
• earning higher degrees - low priority
• ch should go to work ASAP

Question 10

statistics show

Answer 10

• 10.6% of the U.S. population has a graduate or professional degree
• only 4.3% of pacific islanders have this type of degree

Question 11

Pacific island family life

Answer 11

• extended families are common
• child care is provided by multiple caretakers
• heavy emphasis on authority and respect
• emphasis on well-being of family, not individual rights

Question 12

For example, in Samoa

Answer 12

• families look poor to outsiders, but no homelessness – everyone is provided for
• no word for “person” - you’re part of the whole group

Question 13

Mokuau, M., & Tauili’ili,P

Answer 13

-samoans often take extended family and church more seriously than $$, school and career

Question 14

some societies

Answer 14

• like chamorros of guam are matriarchal
• physical punishment is common in samoa
• domestic violence may occur in some islander cultures
• work with the local community and churches

Question 15

Health care and disabilities

Answer 15

• lots of otitis media w/ effusion
• ch may be exposed to mercury from seafood, may experience lower IQ’s, cognitive and linguistic problems
• in samoa, intolerance for disabilities
• chamorros of Guam view a disability as a gift from god
• Hawaii- disabilities have spiritual causes

Question 16

sickness/disabilities

Answer 16

• may call on faith healers or practitioners of folk medicine
• guam- suruhano or faith healers who are highly respected
• hawaiians- kahuna lapa’au or “medical experts” who use prayers, massage and herbs
• when people rely on faith healers, SLPs may be viewed as unimportant

Question 17

ASHA leader articles

Answer 17

• in Guam and the virign Islands, shortage of SLPs, esp in hospitals
• many individuals are denied services because of 1) lack of practitioners
  2) stigma- special needs

Question 18

major risk factors

Answer 18

• hypertension, high cholesterol
• almost 30% of APIs have high cholesterol
• tiffany from hawaii - a watermelon 15$

Question 19

2016 (consumer. healthy.com)

Answer 19

• cancer leading cause of death
• asians americans native hawaiians and pacific islanders are less likely than whites to be diagnosed w/ cancer before it has spread

Question 20

communication styles

Answer 20

• to not offend, islander will say what they think the listener wants to hear
• ch primary experiences in interacting are with other ch. not adults
• in “talk story” ch listen to elder talk about days of old

Question 21

research of schieffelin ochs compared american and samoan

Answer 21

• samoan ch expected to accommodate to adults; U.S. adults accommodate to ch
• U.S. mothers speaker “motherese” but samoan mothers don’t simplify their register for younger ch

Question 22

language considerations

Answer 22

• over 1200 indigenous languages are spoken in the islands

- language is influenced by culture

Question 23

the apostrophe

Answer 23

-in a word is pronounced as a glottal stop
-for example
~Hawai’i
~Tau’ili’ili
-some ch speak pidgin english/ hawaiian creole and need support in acquiring formal english

Question 24

Implication for SLPs

Answer 24

• we must fully explain paperwork requiring signatures
• be careful about requesting parents to come to school
• use a collective rather than individual storytelling method

Question 25

explain

Answer 25

• pragmatic rules in U.S. culture - greeting, complimenting, leaving - taking etc.
• reinforce literacy provide cooperative (not competitive) learning opportunities