Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

years 5 > PACES revision > Flashcards

PACES revision Flashcards

1
Q

ADHD management?

A

Mild: watchful waiting, parent’s training and education program. Refer to CAMHS or child psychiatrist or paediatricin and medicate- involve MDT
moderate: CBT + medical treatment
support group- UK ADHD partnership

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

history for alcohol abuse?

A

first CAGE- if 2/4 ask dependence questions:

desire, neglect, pervasive, withdrawal, tolerance, control lost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

history for alcohol abuse?

A

first CAGE- if 2/4 ask dependence questions:

desire, neglect, pervasive, withdrawal, tolerance, control lost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

investigations for alcohol abuse?

A

FBC, LFT, b12, folate, UnE, clotting screen, glucose, blood alcohol level, urine drug screen
rating scale- FAST, audit, sadq= dependence questionnaire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

management of alcohol abuse?

A

support group- alcohol anonymous
acute detox- admit if risk of DT or seizures- involve MDT
motivational interviewing?
Long term- self help groups
psychological therapies- CBT
mediction- disulfiram(prevents relapse) acamprostate(stops craving)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ICD 10 definition of autism?

A

occurs before 3, impaired social interaction and communication, repititive behaviour, more common in boys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

things to ask in autism history?

A 
how is interatction with other children, plays with them? 
eye contact?
teacher say about him?
any concerns with hearing or language
does he take word or phrases literally?
any toy or toys he like playing with
does he like a certain routine
unusual interests?
react to change?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Investigations for ADHD?

A

hearing test, speech and language assessment, neuropsychological testing, CARS- childhood autism rating scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Management for autism?

A

support and advice for family- national autistic society and portage
Behavioural issue: parent training and education programmes approach = TEACCH- visual learning strategies
CBT + medication treatment:
1st risperidone
2nd methylphenidate
3rd melatonin for sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

BMI cut off for anorexia nervosa?

A

BMI <17.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the SCOFF questions for anorexia?

A

do you make yourself sick because you feel uncomfortably full?
do you worry you’ve lost control over how much you eat?
lost more than one stone in 3 months?
food dominate life?
believe fat when other say thin?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what areas to focus on in eating disorder?

A

eating, pysical, mood, risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when to admit an anorexia patient?

A

BMI < 13.5
significant suicide risk
severe sequelae of starvation and purging with weight loss more than 1kg per week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

investigations for anorexia?

A

physical exam: weigh, height, lanugo hair, bp, squat test
Blood and UDS- low: ESR, Hb, Plt, WCC, Na, K, Ph, T4
High: glucose, GH, cortisol, cholesterol, LFT
ECG- bradycardia, arrhythmia and prolonged QT
DEXA- osteoporosis if more than 2 years history
Rating scale- Eating attitutes test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Management of anorexia?

A

specialist referral and assessment
Support group BEAT- beat eating disorders
psych- advice on balanced diet, laxative and diuretics. negotiate target weight. refer to dietician and OT.
anorexia- self help and family therpay, MDT
Bulimia- CBT, family therapy, interpersonal therapy and SSRI- fluoxetine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ICD 10 mania how long does it have to go on for?

A

1 week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bipolar mania things to ask about?

A 
Energy, mood, irritation?
Appetite
Sleep
Sex
Memory
Spending
Concentation
depression before?
delusions- special powers?
hallucination- famous spoken to you?
alcohol, drugs, home? supported?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Investigation for bipolar?

A 
collateral hisotry
physical examination
blood- FBC, TSH, LFT, ECG
Urine- urine drug screen
Rating scale- young mania rating scale
Risk assessment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

management of mania?

A

admit and record suicidal?
stop antidepressants
consider olanzapine and benzo if not sleeping or agitated
if resistant give lithium monitor LFT and renal function
consider CBT MDT and psychoeducation
Support groups- MIND and bipolar Uk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Delirium diagnosis criteria?

A

impaired conciousness and attention?
perception or cognitive disturbance
sudden onset and fluctuates
underlying physical cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

causes of delerium?

A 
Drugs- steroids, alcohol
Infection (UTI)
Metabolic (thyroid, adrenal)
Trauma
Oxygen
Poisoning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

NOTEPAD for delirium?

A

tell me what happened
when did it start
is it worse at night, dawn, after certain medications?
exacerbation: drugs, UTI
progression- better now, worse, more frequent? change for hyper to hypo?
association: hallucination, illusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

investigation for delirium?

A

collateral history + MSE+MMSE
physical examination: neuro
bloods- FBC, white cells, neutrophils, CRP, ESR(infection), UnE(dehydration), blood glucose, thyroid, LFT, Ca(hypercalcaemia), folate and b12 and vdrl for syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

management of delirium?

A

Maximise orientation- sensory impairments, clear signage, clocks, calendar and clear lighting and staff explaining who they are, same nurse entering side room.
Drug chart check for polypharmacy, decrease anti ACh load, constipation and dehydration
promote: pain management, sleep hygiene, healthy diet and enough fluids, social interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Dementia diagnosis criteria?
acquired progressive, irreversible global impairment ongoing for more than 6 months. 1) multiple cog defects- memory language, attentions and cognition 2) impaired ADL- washing, dressing and handling money 3) clear conciousness
26
alzheimer questions: MOLD PPR?
``` Memory Orientation Language Depression Praxis Personality Recognise ```
27
what features to ask for in lewy body dementia?
bradykinesia rigidity tremor fluctuation?
28
Investigation for dementia?
assesing cognition using AMTS, then MMSE then addenbrooke's cognitive examination Delirium screen Neuroimaging- CT/MRI, SPECT- LBD 100% specific
29
management of dementia?
reassurance and support: Age UK, old age psychiatry community team, MDT, memory clinic? Alzheimer's: medications mild- donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine moderate- NMDA antagonist memantine Parkinson- don't use antipsych 1st levodopa, Ldopa ACHe inhibs
30
Depression severity ICD-10 ?
mild- 2 core 4 total moderate- 2 core 5-6 total severe- 3 core 7 total or psych or suicidal
31
history ask Core + ASS + GMC
``` energy, anhedonia, low mood Appetite Sleep Sex Guilt Memory Concentration ```
32
Investigation for depression?
``` collateral histroy physical examination blood- FBC, TSH, UnE Urine- urine dip, USD Rating scale- PHQ, HADS, CDI if child risk assessment ```
33
Management of depression?
dependant on severity take on biopsychosocial approach: boderline: psychoeducation, follow up, leaflets, mindfullness mild: self help CBT on top moderate: CBT led by trained psych, anti depressants severe- ECT? catatonia? hospital admission or crisis team if suicide risk high, otherwise refer to CMHT, psychotic- atypical antipsych Support group for patients: MIND and depression alliance
34
GAD criteria?
excessive anxiety or worry occuring most days for 6 months
35
symptoms fo GAD?
Autonomic: palpitations, sweating, trembling, shaking chest: SOB pain mental health- comorbid depression? general- fluses, tension
36
Management of anxiety?
GAD2 screening tool reassurance: anxiety UK NICE stepwise approach in biopsychosocial: Education and active monitoring low intensity psych interventions: self help, psychoeducation groups step3: high intensity psych: CBT, applied relaxation or SSRI/SNRI highly stepped input combination therapy in multiagency team
37
OCD diagnosis criteria?
2 weeks onoging 1) egodystonic 2) repetitive and unpleasant- excessive and unreasonable 3) unable to resist
38
OCD history taking?SEDATED
``` Symptoms of anxiety= SOB palpitations, relax, swtich off? Episodic or continuous Drinks and drugs Avoidance and escape Timing and triggers Effect on life Depression ```
39
investigations for OCD?
oraganise causes- FBC, TSH | rating scale- yale brown OCD
40
Management of OCD?
Mild: brief individual or group moderate: CBT or SSRI severe: CBT and SSRI + TCA if resistant (clomipramine)
41
overdose history what to ask?
``` act- what happened- method how long ago trigger feeling before? alcohol use or drugs? note left? discovery precautions? how stopped? did you think you would die? how discovered? Now: do you regret? attempt again? symptoms? how do you see future? help for stress ```
42
Investigations of suicide attempt?
rating scale- columbia suicide severity rating scale physical examination: pupils, heart rate, abdo, neuro, cardio IV- bloods, LFT, INR, paracetamol?, ABG, ECG, CT if neuro signs Normogram- graph for plotting paracetamol levels
43
management of suicide attemt short term?
ABCDE + iv access + glucose and NAC infusion if paracetamol Immediate intervention= problem solving approach, make a plan to deal with future suicide idealation and thoughts of self harm: crisis team number High risk: admit LFT- if acute fulimant liver failure go to ICU acidotic- consider dialysis
44
long term management of suicide attempt?
follow up withn a week via CMHT or GP | support groups = samaritans, PAPYRUS for children and adolescent
45
aetiology of postnatal depression?
starts 1st month with peak at 3 months 10%
46
history taking for postnatal depression?
``` similar to depression with core ASS + GMC anhedonia, low mood, low energy appetite, sleep, sex guilt memory concentration for baby ask TBH PC thoughts about baby bonding? thoughts about harming? children at home? planned birth? ```
47
investigation for postnatal depression?
same as depression, rating scale- EDPS
48
management of postnatal depression
reassurance and support- PANDAS pre and post natal depression advice and support Mild - moderate= facilitated self help strategies, with support practitioner (CBT) Severe- SSRI- paroxetine, mother baby unit if severe or children at home, ECT if very severe
49
post traumatic stress disorder diagnosis criteria?
within 6 months, at least 1 months after stress event
50
questions to ask for PTSD?
HATER hyperarousal- do you feel edgy or jumpy? avoidance- are there certain situations or places you tend to avoid or can't face since this happened? trauma- able to talk, what happened ik its difficult would it be possible? emotional numbing- do you feel numb re experiencing- any flashback or bad dreams nightmares
51
investigations for PTSD?
HADS and clinician administered PTSD scale for DSM5 (CAPS5)
52
management of PTSD?
reassurance and support- MIND safegaurd vulnerable minors empowerement, communication and wider support
53
treatment for PTSD?
Watchful waiting if less than 4 weeks if more than 4 weeks- trauma focused CBT, EMDR- eye movement disensitisation and reprocessing 12 weeks- TCA
54
psychosis diagnosis criteria?
1 month losing touch with reality, experience hallucination and delusion. 1 symptoms of first rank or 2 of second rank
55
questions to ask: panic at the disco, PATD for psychosis?
passivity? do you have full control of everything you do? auditory hallucination?- do you hear anything other people can't? first, second, third person? thought echo? delusion of perception: have you ever recived a sign which has meant something for you? thought interference= do you feel you're in control of your thoughts? do you ever feel other people know what you're thinking?
56
investigations for psychosis?
collateral history physical examination blood- FBC, UnE, lipids and LFT, VDRL, CT if organic suspected UDS rating scale- brief psychiatric rating scale Assess status- ADL assessment and housing and finance
57
manageent of psychosis?
acute- Early intervention service- to minimise the duration of untreated psychosis to 3 months. provide psychoeducation and reduce relapse antipsychotics Reduce relapse: family therapy- decrease expressed emotion, concordance therapy, art therapy, psychological CBT support with employment, study, benefits and groups support group examples: SANE and MIND
58
AMTS questios?
``` what is your age? what is the time currently? what is the year? give address to remember where are we? recognise two people? what is your date of birth? when did world war 1 begin? name the present monarch? count backward 20 down to 1? recall address? ```
59
AMTS scoring?
``` <7 = mild 4-6 = moderate 0-3 = severe ```
60
causes of amennorrhea?
PCOS prolactinoma thyroid hypothalamic hypogonadism
61
questions to ask for amennorrhea presentation?
abnormal hair growth? weight gain? diabetes? acne? visual disturbance? headache, nipple discharge? temperature intolerance? palpitations, change in bowel habit? excessive exercise? stress at home or work? weight loss? pregnant?- sexually active, preg test, last menstrual period?
62
investigations for amenorrhoea?
urinary or serum bHCG | bloods- tft, prolactin, androgens, oestrodial, gonadotrophins
63
questions to ask in contraception station?
sexual history- active? one or multiple? gender? age? how met? gynae history
64
key point in counselling in contraception station
all contraceptive methods apart from condoms do not protect from STI STI screen 3 weeks and 3 months after unprotected sex emergency contraception available at GP, pharmacy and AnE
65
ectopic pregnancy history questions to ask?
type of pain socrates LMP first day! discharge- amount colour smell blood? ever been pregnant before?

years 5 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions