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GCSE physics > P8 > Flashcards

P8 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a Vector

A

A vector quantity has magnitude and direction

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2
Q

What is a scalar

A

A scalar quantity only has magnitude

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3
Q

3 examples of scalar quantities

A

Mass distance speed

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4
Q

3 examples of vector quantities

A

Displacement momentum force

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5
Q

What is force

A

Push or pull on an object that it caused by it interacting with something

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6
Q

2 types of forces

A

Contact non-contact

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7
Q

What is a contact force

A

When 2 objects have to be touching for the force to act

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8
Q

3 examples of contact force

A

Friction, air resistance, tension in ropes

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9
Q

What is non contact force

A

Object that do not need to be touching in order for the forces to act

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10
Q

3 examples of non contact forces

A

Magnetic force, gravitational force, electrostatic force

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11
Q

What is a resultant force

A

Overall force on a point or object

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12
Q

What happens if a resultant force moves an object

A

Work is done

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13
Q

When resultant force isn’t 0

A

Energy is transfered and work is done on the object

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14
Q

Equation for work done

A

Force x distance (Fs)

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15
Q

How does an object bend, compress or stretch

A

The object needs more than 1 force acting on the object

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16
Q

How is an object elastically deformed

A

If it can go back to it’s original shape

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17
Q

How can an object be inelastically deformed

A

If it can’t return to it’s original shale

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18
Q

When is work done in force of an object

A

When a force stretches or compresses an object causing energy to be transfered to the elastic potential energy store of the object

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19
Q

Equation linking spring constant, force, extension

A

Force = spring constant (N/m) x extension(m)

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20
Q

What is weight

A

The force acting on an object due to gravity

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21
Q

What is the gravitational field strength on earth (GCSE)

A

10N

22
Q

How to calculate weight

A

Mass (kg) x gravitational field strength

23
Q

What unit is weight in

A

Kg

24
Q

A man on a bike traveled 4N north and 3N east. Calculate final magnitude direction of resultant force

A

5N at 37°

25
Q

What does it mean to be equalibrium

A

The forces acting on an object add to get 0

26
Q

Magnitude

A

Size of a quantity

27
Q

Newtons third law of motion:

A

States that when 2 objects interact, they exert equal and opposite forces on each other

28
Q

Example of newtons third law:

A

A boxer who punches a bag with a force of 100N experiences an equal and opposite force of 100N from the bag

29
Q

Driving force:

A

The force that makes a vehicle move

30
Q

What happens when a car moves forward?

A

-The force of the friction of the road on the tyre is in the forward direction
-the force of the friction of the tyre on the road is in the reverse direction

31
Q

Equal and opposite forces (example):

A

Two roller skaters pull on opposite ends of a rope. The skaters move towards eachother because they pull each other with equal and opposite forces

32
Q

Why does a tractor pull a car out of the mud

A
  • a rope is attached to the car from the back of tractor
  • the force of the mud on the tractor is greater than the force of the mud on the car
  • these forces are not equal and opposite to each other
33
Q

Newtons first law of motion:

A

If the forces acting on an object are balanced, the resultant force is zero

34
Q

Example of newtons first law:

A

When a heavy crate is pushed across a rough floor at a constant speed without changing its direction, the push force on it is equal in size and acting oppositely to the friction on the crate

35
Q

Example of an unbalanced force:

A

When a jet plane is taking off, the thrust force of its engine is greater than the firce of air resistance on it

36
Q

What are Force diagrams?

A

A diagram that shows the forces acting on an object without any other objects or other forces shown

37
Q

The centre of mass of a symetrical object?

A

For a flat object that is symmetrical, the centre of mass is along the axis of symmetry

38
Q

Where is the centre of mass on an object?

A

The point where the mass is most concentrated

39
Q

What happebs when an object is freely suspended?

A

It comes to rest with its centre of mass directly underneath the point of suspension

40
Q

The paralellogram of forces:

A

-A scale diagram of two force vectors
-is uses to find the resultant of two forces not on the same line

41
Q

How are the sun and earth attracted to eachother

A

Gravitational force

42
Q

Example of a contact force in action:

A

A chair exerts a force against the ground, while the ground pushes back at the chair with equal force

43
Q

What does the weight of an object depend on?

A

The strength of the gravitational fields at the location of the object
(This means the weight of an object deoends on its location)

44
Q

What is force acting from?

A

A single point on the object, called its centre of mass

45
Q

What is used to measure weight?

A

A calibrated spring balance

46
Q

What do free body diagrams show?

A

All the forces acting on an object

47
Q

What is resultant force?

A

Overall force acting on a point or object

48
Q

What happens if a resultant force moves an object?

A

Energy is tranferred and work is done

49
Q

Example of work done:

A

When you push something along a rough surface, you are doing work against frictional forces

50
Q

When is an object in equilibrium?

A

If the forces on it are balanced

GCSE physics (13 decks)

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