P6- Matter Flashcards
Equation for density?
density(P) = mass(M) / volume(V)
What is the equation for internal energy?
Internal energy = Ke (kinetic energy) + Pe (potential energy)
What is the equation for specific latent heat?
E (energy) = M (mass) x L (latent heat)
What is the unit for specific latent heat?
J/kg
What is Boyles law?
Pressure x Volume = Constant
How to transfer degrees Celsius to kelvin
Add 273
What is internal energy?
The energy stored within the particles of a substance
What do kinetic and potential energy represent?
Kinetic - how much the particles are vibrating
Potential - how spaced out the particles are
What is latent heat?
The energy needed to change the state of 1kg m of a substance.
What is the method to finding the density of an irregular object?
- measure the objects mass using a mass balance
- fill a measuring cylinder with 200ml of water
- place the object in the measuring cylinder
- measure the new water level and find the difference
- then using the equation ( P = M / V ) calculate the density.
What happens to the kinetic and potential energy when changing state?
Kinetic - stays same
Potential - increases
For a fixed volume of gas, what happens when the temperature increases?
The pressure will increase as they are directly proportional
What does pressure relative to atmosphere mean?
The pressure relative to the 100 kpa atmospheric pressure
What does kpa stand for?
Kilo pascals
What happens to the pressure if the volume decreases?
It increases as the same number of particles are being forced into a smaller space
What happens if a gas is compressed quickly
- the energy is Transferred to the internal energy of the gas
- this increases the temperature of the gas
What happens if you compress a gas slowly.
- By compressing the gas slowly, the gas loses energy by heating it surroundings at the same rate as energy is transferred to it
- this means the internal energy store of the gas does not change, and so the temperature stays the same
How is pressure proportional to volume?
Pressure is inversely proportional to volume ( as one increases the other decreases) but proportional to 1/volume
How does boyles law help you to work out the pressure or volume of a gas?
As V1 x P1 = V2 x P2 if you have Half of the equation you can substitute and work out the missing value.
What do you call the energy needed to change a solid to a liquid ?
Latent heat of fusion
What do you call the energy needed to change a liquid to a gas?
Latent heat of vaporisation
What is the difference between boiling and evaporation?
Evaporation: only happens at surface, can happen at any temp, very slow, particles at surface find it easier to break away.
Boiling: liquid turns to gas in any part of liquid, only happens when temp is above boiling point, pretty fast.
