P5.1 Wave Behaviour

Question 1

Transverse waves

Answer 1

Oscillations PERPENDICULAR or at right angles to direction of their travel

∩ ∩ ∩ ∩
——————
. u u u u

Question 2

Longitudinal waves

Answer 2

Vibrations parallel to the direction of travel
||| | | | | | | | | | ||| | | | | | | | | | ||| | | | | | | | |

Question 3

Amplitude

Answer 3

Distance from rest position to top of the wave
Measured in meters

Question 4

Wavelength

Answer 4

Distance from 1 point of the wave to identical point on the next wave
Measured in meters

Question 5

Frequency

Answer 5

Number of waves or oscillations in a second measured in hertz, Hz

Question 6

Time period

Answer 6

Time for 1 wave to pass through a given point
Time for 1 complete oscillation in seconds

Question 7

Time period equation

Answer 7

Time period(s) = 1/ frequency(Hz)

Question 8

Wave speed (v)

Answer 8

Distance moved by wave in 1 second in m/s

Wave velocity(m/s) = frequency(Hz) x wavelength(m)

Question 9

Symbol representing wavelength

Answer 9

λ
Lambda

Question 10

Wave speed equation with constant frequency and wavelength

Answer 10

v = f × λ
Wave velocity(m/s) = frequency(Hz) × wavelength(m)

Question 11

Normal (physics)

Answer 11

Line at 90° to the surface where the wave hits it

Question 12

Oscilloscope

Answer 12

Device that shows a changing potential difference on a screen

Question 13

3 things that can happen when a sound wave hits the boundary between 2 media

Answer 13

Reflected as echo
Transmitted or refracted
Absorbed

Question 14

Ultrasound

Answer 14

Frequency more than 20 000Hz
Humans cannot hear
Very small wavelength, so can be focussed into a beam

Question 15

Is speed of sound greater in a liquid or solid

Answer 15

Solid
Speeds up so it bends away from the normal

Question 16

Electromagnetic radiation Spectrum (lowest to highest frequency)

Answer 16

Radio waves, micro waves, infrared waves, visible light, unltra violet, X-ray, gamma rays

RMIVUXG

Question 17

Speed of light

Answer 17

3x10⁸ m/s

Question 18

Speed of sound in air

Answer 18

340m/s

Question 19

General name for waves that require a medium to vibrate

Answer 19

Mechanical waves

Question 20

As sound is a longitudinal wave, what is displayed on the oscilloscope?
Longitudinal wave: |||| | | | | ||||

Answer 20

Variation of pressure with time, not sound wave itself

Question 21

What can effect the velocity of sound and why

Answer 21

Temperature and pressure
This changes how quickly the disturbance caused by the wave is transferred between particles as wave travels