P5 Key Concepts

Question 1

Manifest Destiny

Answer 1

The belief that American westward expansion was a God-given right.

Question 1

Oregon Fever

Answer 1

The mass-desire in Americans to migrate or Oregon after hearing about the good reviews from multiple sources.

Question 2

Oregon Trail

Answer 2

The journey that thousands of Americans took to go to Oregon; many experienced sickness or death.

Question 3

The Battle of Buena Vista

Answer 3

One of the last battles in the Mexican-American War, almost resulted in Mexican victory but they ultimately lost

Question 4

“No Territory”

Answer 4

What the Whigs called for; declared that the U.S. shouldn’t seek territory from Mexico

Question 5

Free-Soil Movement/Party

Answer 5

People against “Slave Power” or the notion of slaveholders having power over the USA.

Question 6

The Gold Rush

Answer 6

Started when American migrants discovered gold in CA, led to mass migration to the territory.

Question 7

Forty-niners

Answer 7

Americans that migrated to California in the search of gold; most were unsuccessful

Question 8

Reservations

Answer 8

3-acre spaces that Congress forced First Nations tribes into

Question 9

The Compromise of 1850

Answer 9

Proposed by Henry Clay; declared that the government would fund slave catchers and allow California into the Union as a Free State to keep the country together.

Question 10

Fugitive Slave Act

Answer 10

Part of the Compromise of 1850; said that Northern states had to return escaped slaves to the South

Question 11

The Mexican-American War

Answer 11

A war between Mexico and America over the California territory

Question 12

Willmont Proviso

Answer 12

Proposed that all territory gained by the Mexican-American War will have a ban on slavery; didn’t pass

Question 13

“Bleeding Kansas”

Answer 13

When violence between pro-slavery and abolitionists in Kansas.

Question 14

The Dred Scott Case

Answer 14

When a slave argued for freedom after he was moved to a free territory. The Supreme Court ruled against him and said that the federal government had no right to take “property”.

Question 15

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Answer 15

Forced the repeal of the Missouri Compromise and allowed popular sovereignty when it came to if a state was a free or slave state.

Question 16

Draft (conscription)

Answer 16

Created during Civil War, required existing soldiers to serve for the duration of the war and for men aged 18-35 to serve for at least 3 years.

Question 17

Greenbacks

Answer 17

Paper money created during the Civil War and not backed by physical currency.

Question 18

Why is the Battle of Gettysburg important?

Answer 18

Robert E. Lee’s attempt at invading the Union was thwarted.

Question 19

Why is the Battle of Vicksburg important?

Answer 19

The Union gained control of the Mississippi River.

Question 20

War Democrats

Answer 20

Democrats that called for the Union to keep fighting until the Civil War ends.

Question 21

Peace Democrats

Answer 21

Democrats who called for peace negotiations with the Confederacy.

Question 22

Habeas Corpus

Answer 22

Protected citizen from being arbitrarily arrested without trial.

Question 23

Crittenden Compromise

Answer 23

Proposed to protect slavery in the Constitution and extend the 36 30’ line to California.

Question 24

Confederate States of America

Answer 24

The Southern states that withdrew from the USA.

Question 25

Anaconda Plan

Answer 25

Union strategy to control the waters the South used to cut them off from foreign aid.

Question 26

Emancipation Proclamation of 1826

Answer 26

Declared that slaves in the rebel states (Confederacy) were free. Did not free the slaves in Missouri, Kentucky, or W. Virginia as they were not rebel states.

Question 27

Ten-Percent Plan

Answer 27

Lincoln’s plan to set a low barrier for reentry into the Union for rebel states:
- 10% of the male population had to pledge loyalty to the Union.
- The state’s government had to ratify the 13th Amendment which abolished slavery.

Question 28

The Wade-Davis Agreement

Answer 28

Proposed by Congress; said that rebel states had to swear they never supported the Confederacy. Pocket-vetoed by Lincoln.

Question 29

Post-war Black Codes

Answer 29

1. Declared that Black people couldn’t own property.
2. Criminalized Blacks if they weren’t working.
3. Banned Blacks from testifying against Whites in court.

Question 30

Radical Republicans

Answer 30

A group of Republicans that were extremely anti-slavery; passed pro-black legislature.

Question 31

Freedman’s Bureau

Answer 31

Extended by Radical Republicans, supported newly freed black people in the South.

Question 32

Civil Rights Act of 1866

Answer 32

Protected the citizenship rights of blacks in the South and gave them equal protection under the law.

Question 33

13th Amendment

Answer 33

Banned slavery in American territory.

Question 34

14th Amendment

Answer 34

Anyone born in the USA has American citizenship.

Question 35

15th Amendment

Answer 35

Protects the voting rights of all regardless of color or previous status of servitude (only for men).

Question 36

American Woman Suffrage Association

Answer 36

Led by Lucy Stone and Henry Blackwell. Wanted woman’s suffrage to take priority AFTER successful Reconstruction of the USA.

Question 36

National Woman Suffrage Association

Answer 36

Led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. Against the ratification of the 15th until it included women’s right to vote.

Question 37

Election of 1868

Answer 37

Ulysses S. Grant wins the Presidential election