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Physics A > P5 > Flashcards

P5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Vectors

A

Quantities that have a magnitude and direction

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2
Q

Scalars

A

Quantities that only have a magnitude

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3
Q

Vector Examples

A

Force, velocity, displacement, acceleration, momentum

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4
Q

Scalar Examples

A

Speed, distance, mass, temperature, time

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5
Q

Contact Forces

A

A force that requires 2 objects to be touching

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6
Q

Non-Contact Forces

A

A force that does not require 2 objects to be touching

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7
Q

Contact Force Examples

A

Friction, air resistance, tension

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8
Q

Non-Contact Force Examples

A

Magnetism, gravity, electrostatic forces

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9
Q

Weight

A

The force acting on an object due to gravity

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10
Q

Mass

A

The amount of ‘stuff’ in an object

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11
Q

Weight Equation

A

Weight (N) = Mass (kg) x Gravitational Field Strength (N/kg)

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12
Q

Earth’s Gravitational Field Strength

A

9.8N/kg

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13
Q

Resultant Force

A

The overall force on a point or object

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14
Q

Extension Equation

A

Force (N) = Spring Constant (N/m) x Extension (m)

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15
Q

Moment Equation

A

Moment (Nm) = Force (N) x Distance (m)

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16
Q

Moment

A

The turning effect of a force

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17
Q

Pressure Equation

A

Pressure (Pa) = Force (N) / Area (m)

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18
Q

Pressure Of A Liquid Equation

A

Pressure (Pa) = Height (m) x Density (kg/m) x Field strength (N/kg)

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19
Q

Upthrust

A

Force on an object. If it is equal to the object’s weight, it will float. If the upthrust is less than the weight, it will sink

20
Q

Floating

A

Depends on the density of the solid compared to the density of the liquid

21
Q

Atmospheric Pressure

A

Created on a surface by air molecules. Decreases with height

22
Q

Distance

A

How far an object has moved. It is a scalar quantity

23
Q

Displacement

A

Vector quantity. Measures distance and direction in a straight line from A to B

24
Q

Walking Speed

A

1.5m/s

25
Q

Acceleration Equation

A

Acceleration (m/s) = Change in velocity (m/s) / Time (s)

26
Q

Uniform Acceleration Equation

A

2 x Acceleration x Distance = Final velocity^2 - Initial velocity^2

27
Q

Distance Time Graph Gradient

A

Tells you the speed

28
Q

Velocity Time Graph Gradient

A

Tells you the acceleration

29
Q

Friction

A

Force between 2 surfaces in contact. Acts in the opposite direction to movement

30
Q

Drag

A

Resistance in air or fluid

31
Q

Terminal Velocity

A

The fastest speed that an object can travel. Happens when friction and acceleration forces are equal

32
Q

Newton’s First Law

A

If the resultant force on a stationary object is zero, the object will remain stationary. If the resultant force on a moving object is zero, it’ll carry on moving at the same velocity

33
Q

Newton’s Second Law

A

Acceleration is proportional to the resultant force

34
Q

Resultant Force Equation

A

Resultant Force (N) = Mass (kg) x Acceleration (m/s)

35
Q

Newton’s Third Law

A

When two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite

36
Q

Inertia

A

The tendency for motion to remain unchanged

37
Q

Stopping Distance Equation

A

Stopping Distance = Thinking Distance + Breaking Distance

38
Q

Thinking Distance Factors

A

Speed, reaction time, alcohol, drugs

39
Q

Breaking Distance Factors

A

Speed, weather, tyre condition, brake quality

40
Q

Momentum Equation

A

Momentum (kg m/s) = Mass (kg) x Velocity (m/s)

41
Q

50mph Distances

A

Thinking = 15m, Breaking = 38m

42
Q

Momentum

A

How much ‘oomph’ an object has. In a close system it is always conserved

43
Q

Change In Momentum Equation

A

Force (N) = Change in momentum (kg m/s) / Change in time (s)

44
Q

Crumple Zone

A

Area on a car designed to crumple, increasing the time it takes the car to stop

45
Q

Seat Belts

A

Stretchy meaning that it takes longer for the wearer to stop in the event of an accident

46
Q

Air Bags

A

Initiate before you hit the dashboard of a car. Slows you down gradually

Physics A (34 decks)

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