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Physics > P4 > Flashcards

P4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the unit for charge?

A

coulombs (C)

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2
Q

charge flow=

A

current x time
Q= I x t

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3
Q

What’s the equation linking charge flow, potential difference and energy transferred?

A

Energy transferred = charge flow x potential difference
E = Q x V

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4
Q

current:

A

the rate of flow of electrical charge

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5
Q

potential difference:

A

the energy transferred to a component by each coulomb pf charge that passes through it

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6
Q

the greater the ____ of a component, the smaller the ___ for a given potential difference across the component

A
  • resistance
  • current
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7
Q

An electric current flows when _______. The moving electrons can ______. This makes it more difficult for the current to flow, and causes ____. The longer the wire, the _______ and so ____

A
  • electrons move through a conductor, such as a metal wire
  • collide with the ions in the metal
  • resistance
  • more collisions
  • higher resistance
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8
Q

Describe the relationship between resistance and current

A

as resistance increases, current increases

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9
Q

Describe and explain the relationship between resistance and temperature

A

as resistance increases, temperature increases

the ions in the metal filament vibrate more as temperature increases, so they resist the passage of electrons more

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10
Q

in a series circuit (4)

A
  • current is the same through each component
  • the total potential difference of the power supply is shared between components
  • the total resistance of two components is the sum of of the resistance of each component
  • R total = R1 + R2
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11
Q

in a parallel circuit (3)

A
  • the potential difference across each component is the same
  • the total current through the whole circuit is the sum of the currents through the separate components
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12
Q

Describe the relation between resistance of an LDR and light intensity

A
  • as light intensity increases, resistance decreases
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13
Q

What are LDRs used in?

A

turning on streetlights

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14
Q

Describe the relation between resistance of a thermistor and temperature

A

As temperature increases, resistance decreases

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15
Q

What are thermistor’s used for?

A

thermostats

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16
Q

equation for potential difference

A

V = IR
potential difference = current x resistance

17
Q

resistance of a wire RP: aim

A

investigate factors such as affecting the resistance of electrical circuits including the length of a wire at constant temperature and combinations of resistors in series and parallel

18
Q

resistance of a wire RP: variables

A

IV- length of wire
DV- current and potential differnce to calculate resistamce
CV- thickness and material of wire, temperature

19
Q

resistance of a wire RP: equation

A

V= IR

20
Q

resistance of a wire RP: equipment

A

battery, variable resistor, wires, voltmeter, ammeter, switch

21
Q

resistance of a wire RP: method
1. set up circuit with 10cm ___
2. set ___ to 2V
3. close the ___ and record ____ and ____ on the ammeter and voltmeter
4. ____
5. Calculate ___ for each length
6. plot a graph of ____ vs _______

A
  1. wire
  2. power supply
  3. switch, current, potential difference
  4. repeat
  5. resistance
  6. resistance, length of wire
22
Q

I-V characteristics RP: aim

A

investigate I-V characteristics of a variety of circuit elements

23
Q

I-V characteristics RP: Variables

A

IV- circuit component
DV- current and potential difference
CV- temperature

24
Q

I-V characteristics RP: equipment

A

battery, variable resistor, wires, voltmeter, ammeter, switch, as well as other components to test

25
Q

I-V characteristics RP: equation

A

V= IR

26
Q

I-V characteristics RP: method
1. set up circuit with component set to be tested - ____
2. Set power supply to ____
3. Close switch and record current and potential difference on ___ and ___
4. repeat for a range of ____ by adjusting the ___
5. ____ of the power supply and repeat
6. plot a graph of ____ vs ____
7. repeat for ___ and ___

A
  1. fixed resistor
  2. 2V
  3. ammeter, voltmeter
  4. potential differences, variable resistor
  5. reverse the direction
  6. potential difference, current
  7. bulb, diode
27
Q

ohms law:

A

the current through a resistor at constant temperature is directly proportional to the potential difference across it

28
Q

I-V characteristics for a fixed resistor:

A

directly proportional

29
Q

I-V characteristics for a filament bulb:

A

resistance increases as temperature increases (s shaped line)

30
Q

I-V characteristics for a diode

A

current only flows one direction, very high resistance in other direction (flat line with sudden peak)

Physics (7 decks)

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