P3-Particle model of matter

Question 1

What is the formula for density?

Answer 1

density = mass/volume
p = m/V

Question 2

What are the units for density?

Answer 2

kilogram per metre cubed
g/m³

Question 3

How could the volume of an irregular solid be measured? (4)

Answer 3

1) Firstly you would need to fill up a eureka tube to the spout so that if there was any more water in it it would tip out.
2) Next you would place a container under the tube to catch any water that will be spilled through the tube
3) Next you would fully submerge the irregular solid and the container will catch the spilt water
4) Finally, you would measure how much water is spilt in a measuring jug/cylinder and convert the ml to cm³.

Question 4

How do you convert cm³ to m³ ?

Answer 4

By dividing your answer by 100³ or 1000000 or 1million

Question 5

Describe a solid’s particle arrangement

Answer 5

particles are tightly packed in a regular structure and vibrate on the spot

Question 6

Describe a liquid’s particle arrangement

Answer 6

particles are tightly packed but free to move past each other and slide past each other

Question 7

Describe a gas’s particle arrangement

Answer 7

particles are spread out and move randomly

Question 8

Describe the properties of a solid

Answer 8

Can’t be poured, fixed shape, fixed volume (can’t be compressed), Highest density

Question 9

Describe the properties of a liquid

Answer 9

Can flow, variable shape, fixed volume (can’t be compressed), High density

Question 10

Describe the properties of a gas

Answer 10

Can flow, variable shape, changeable volume (can be compressed), Low density

Question 11

Describe the changes from solid to liquid to gas

Answer 11

Melting, Evaporation

Question 12

Describe the changes from gas to liquid to solid

Answer 12

Condensation, Freezing

Question 13

Describe the changes from solid to gas and vice versa

Answer 13

Sublimation, Deposition

Question 14

What type of changes are changes in state?

Answer 14

Physical changes meaning they can be easily reversed

Question 15

What are forces between particles called?

Answer 15

Inter-molecular forces

Question 16

What is internal energy?

Answer 16

The total energy that particles have in their kinetic and potential energy stores

Question 17

What is particle kinetic energy?

Answer 17

The kinetic energy particles have due to their individual motions relative to each other

Question 18

What is particle kinetic energy?

Answer 18

The kinetic energy particles have due to their individual motions relative to each other

Question 19

What is particle potential energy?

Answer 19

The potential energy particles have due to their individual positions relative to one another

Question 20

Describe the internal energy of solids?

Answer 20

• Low kinetic energy
• Low potential energy

Question 21

Describe the internal energy of liquids?

Answer 21

• Medium kinetic energy
• Medium potential energy

Question 22

Describe the internal energy of gases

Answer 22

• High kinetic energy
• High potential energy

Question 23

What is the correlation between kinetic and potential particle energy?

Answer 23

Positive

Question 24

What is the definition of specific latent heat?

Answer 24

The amount of energy needed one kg of a substance from one state to another without a temperature change

Question 25

What is it called when the state change for latent heat is from solid to liquid?

Answer 25

Fusion

Question 26

What is it called when the state change for latent heat is from liquid to gas?

Answer 26

Vapourisation

Question 27

What is the formula for energy transferred involving specific latent heat of fusion?

Answer 27

Energy transferred = mass x specific latent heat of fusion
E = mLᶠ

Question 28

What is the formula for energy transferred involving specific latent heat of vaporisation?

Answer 28

Energy transferred = mass x specific latent heat of vaporisation
E = mLᵥ

Question 29

What causes pressure?

Answer 29

Gas particles hitting the wall of a container

Question 30

Describe the movement of gas particles?

Answer 30

Random speeds in random directions

Question 31

What is the formula for pressure?

Answer 31

pressure = force/area
Pa = f/a

Question 32

What are the units for pressure?

Answer 32

Newtons/metres²
N/m²

Question 33

What is the unit of measurement for force?

Answer 33

newtons
N

Question 34

What is the units of measurement for area?

Answer 34

metres squared
m²

Question 35

What does heating up gas particles do to pressure?

Answer 35

The pressure increases

Question 36

What does increasing the volume of a container do to pressure?

Answer 36

The pressure decreases

Question 37

What is the law that describes the inversely proportional relationship between volume and pressure and what is the equation for it?

Answer 37

Boyle’s Law
pressure x volume = constant
pV = constant